南京市大学生健康素养水平与生命质量关系

Relationship between health literacy and quality of life among college students in Nanjing city

目的了解南京市大学生健康素养水平和生命质量的现状,探讨大学生健康素养水平与生命质量之间的关系。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,利用健康素养问卷、EQ-5D量表对南京市部分高校大学生进行面对面的问卷调查,应用SPSS软件对数据进行统计描述、单因素和多因素统计分析。结果南京市大学生健康素养水平为38.1%。健康知识、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能具备率分别为65.2%、42.6%、46.9%。南京市大学生生命质量:EQ-5D均分为(0.92±0.11)分,自评均分为(85.13±12.49)分。单因素分析显示,女生、高年级、医科生、母亲文化程度高的大学生具有更高的健康素养水平(P<0.05);男生、低年级、文理科学生具有更高的生命质量(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,学科(OR=2.316,95%CI=1.837~2.920)、年级(OR=1.138,95%CI=1.019~1.271)、学校(OR=1.253,95%CI=1.109~1.415)、母亲文化程度(OR=1.124,95%CI=1.069~1.183)、学习状况(OR=0.898,95%CI=0.849~0.950)以及月消费(OR=0.947,95%CI=0.902~0.995)对大学生健康素养均有影响。大学生健康素养得分与健康相关生命质量相关系数为0.042(医学生和非医学生分别为0.040和0.046)。结论南京市大学生健康素养水平较高,但是其健康素养得分与健康相关生命质量存在极弱的正相关。

Objective To examine the current status of health literacy and quality of life and to explore the relationship between health literacy and quality of life among college students in Nanjing city.Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling,the Health Literacy Questionnaire developed by Chinese Center for Health Education and the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions(EQ-5D),we conducted a survey among 5706 freshmen and junior students in 3 universities in Nanjing city of Jiangsu province.SPSS software was used in statistical descriptions,univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Results Of the students surveyed,38.1%were assessed with adequate health literacy and 65.2%,42.6%,and 46.9%with basic health knowledge,health lifestyle,and health skills,respectively.The he mean EQ-5D score was 0.92±0.11 and the mean self-rated health score(visual analogue scale[VAS])was 85.13±12.49 for all the students.Univariate analysis indicated that the female students,junior students,and the students majoring in medicine and with higher maternal education had a higher health literacy(P<0.05 for all);while the male students,freshmen,and the students majoring in art and science had a high quality of life(all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed following significant impact factors of health literacy:majoring(medicine vs.non-medicine:odds ratio[OR]=2.316,95%confidence inter val[95%CI]:1.837–2.920),grade(junior vs.freshman:OR=1.138,95%CI:1.019–1.271),university(OR=1.253,95%CI:1.109–1.415),maternal education(with formal education vs.iliterate or semiliterate:OR=1.124,95%CI:1.069–1.183),academic record(poor vs.excellent:OR=0.898,95%CI:0.849–0.950),and monthly personal living expenses(≥500 yuan vs.<500 yuan:OR=0.947,95%CI:0.902–0.995).The correlation coefficient for the correlation between health literacy and quality of life was 0.042 for all the students(0.040 and 0.046 for medical and non-medical students).Conclusion The college students in Nanjing city have a high level of health literacy but the health literacy score is not strongly associated with health-related quality of life among the students.