青海共和盆地史前时期装饰品刍议

A Study of Pre-Historical Ornaments Discovered in Gonghe Basin,Qinghai Province

基于文献梳理和实物考察,归纳了青海共和盆地史前装饰品的种类、形式和使用;浅色石串饰可能在仰韶中晚期农业文化西进背景下,由马家窑文化引入共和盆地;齐家文化时期,装饰品承袭前期器类、进一步丰富,形成鲜明的地方特色;部分新见串珠可能来自河西走廊西部。当地装饰品独具一格或与其位置相对封闭、生业有别于周边相关。公元前二千纪上半串饰在甘青局地的流行,为探讨卡约、辛店、寺洼等文化装饰习俗来源提供了线索。

Based on archaeological findings and personal observation,this paper summarizes the materials,types,shapes and uses of the body ornaments unearthed from the pre-historical sites of Gamatai and Zongri in Gonghe Basin,Qinghai province,concluding that the light-colored stone beads were brought into the Gonghe Basin through the Majiayao Culture under the background of agrarian people's moving westwards during the mid and late Yangshao period.During the later phase when Qijia Culture was prevalent,while beads continued to be adopted,ornament types were further enriched,forming distinctive local characteristics.Some of the newly appeared beads probably came from the western part of Hexi Corridor.The distinctive style of the body ornaments in Gonghe Basin might be a result of the relatively closed geographical position and the different subsistence modes from neighbors.The prevalence of long strings of beads in certain regions of Gansu and Qinghai during the first half of the 2nd millennium BC provides clues to explore the origin of ornament customs of the later Kayue,Xindian and Siwa Cultures.