空间价格差异与消费不平等

Spatial Variation in Prices and Consumption Inequalities

大国内部地区之间非均衡的价格变化是导致消费不平等的重要原因。本文通过消费需求系统模型估算了实际生活成本指数和消费不平等的动态变化。结果显示,2002年至2014年,中国城镇居民实际生活成本指数不断上升,其中辽宁涨幅最大,广东最小;同期,北京的实际生活成本指数最大,而四川最小。2008年以来,消费分类价格的非均衡上涨趋势逐渐减弱,消费不平等实际值和名义值的差距逐渐缩小。但实际消费不平等程度仍不断上升,价格上涨对低收入群体负面冲击最大。

Consumption prices are spatial variations among big economy,which causes real consumption inequalities.This study employs demand system and Micro data to calculate the true cost of living both in time and space in China.We find that Chinese household true living cost continues to rise from 2002 to 2014.Liaoning is the fastest-increase area,and Guangdong isthe slowest.In the same period,Beijing and Sichuan are at the top and bottomrespectively.The price growth of consumption category converge since 2008 inside China,which reduce consumption inequality gap between real and nominal.But real consumption inequalitycontinues to rise,and the higher living cost worsenthe welfare of lower income household.