COVID-19隔离人员焦虑与抑郁症状调查及危险因素分析

Survey of anxiety and depressive symptoms and analysis of their risks factors among individuals quarantined for COVID-19

目的调查COVID-19隔离人员焦虑与抑郁症状及危险因素。方法采用焦虑自评量表(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS)、失眠严重指数量表(Insomnia Severity Index,ISI)和知觉压力量表(Chinese Perceived Stress Scale,CPSS)于2020年1月31日至2月27日期间,对2322名集中与自主隔离人员进行网络调查,了解他们的焦虑、抑郁、失眠严重程度及知觉压力情况。结果14.81%(344/2322)的隔离人员存在抑郁症状,4.44%(103/2322)的隔离人员存在焦虑症状,3.53%(82/2322)的隔离人员同时存在抑郁与焦虑两种症状,COVID-19隔离人员的SAS与SDS显著高于国内常模(t=35.26,P<0.01;t=43.25,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:COVID-19隔离人员焦虑症状与学历(β=-2.84,P<0.01),失眠严重程度(β=0.11,P<0.01)、知觉压力紧张感(β=0.20,P<0.01)和抑郁(β=0.19,P<0.01)有关,抑郁症状与知觉压力失控感(β=0.18,P<0.01)和焦虑(β=0.32,P<0.01)有关。结论COVID-19隔离人员的焦虑和抑郁水平高于全国常模;焦虑症状的主要危险因素有学历、失眠严重程度、知觉压力紧张感和抑郁;抑郁症状的危险因素有知觉压力失控感和焦虑。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depressive symptoms among individuals isolated during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and provide suggestions for psychological self-regulation and interventions for these individuals.Method Self-rating Anxiety Scale,Self-rating Depression Scale,Insomnia Severity Index and Chinese Perceived Stress Scale were used to survey 2322 individuals who were isolated in quarantine facilities or in home quarantine for COVID-19 from January 31 to February 27,2020.Results Of the 2322 individuals surveyed,344(14.81%)were found to have depressive symptoms,103(4.44%)had anxiety symptoms,and 82(3.53%)had both depressive and anxiety symptoms during quarantine.The scores for anxiety and depression of the quarantined individuals were significantly higher than the national norms of China(t=35.26,P<0.01;t=43.25,P<0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the anxiety symptoms of the quarantined individuals were closely associated with their education level(β=-2.84,P<0.01),severity of insomnia(β=0.11,P<0.01),perceived tension(β=0.20,P<0.01)and depression(β=0.19,P<0.01);the depressive symptoms were positively correlated with their perceived loss of control(β=0.18,P<0.01)and anxiety(β=0.32,P<0.01).Conclusion The levels of anxiety and depression among the quarantined individuals for COVID-19 are higher than the national norms.The main risk factors for anxiety symptoms include education level,severity of insomnia,perceived tension and depression,while perceived loss of control and anxiety are the major risk factors for the depressive symptoms in these individuals.