重庆地区157927例住院患者Rh血型表型分布调查

Distribution of Rh phenotypes in 157927 hospitalized patients in Chongqing

目的分析重庆地区住院患者Rh血型抗原和表型分布特征,探讨Rh血型表型测定在临床安全输血中的意义。方法采用微柱凝胶法对157927名住院患者进行Rh D、C、c E、e抗原和ABO血型检测χ2检验对数据进行分析比较。结果157927例患者中,157407例为RhD阳性(14例变异D),520例为RhD阴性;RhD阳性和阴性患者的Rh表型分布不同,差异有统计学意义,RhD阳性患者主要Rh表型为CCDee(48.45%)和CcDEe(33.04%),RhD阴性患者主要Rh表型为ccdee(43.27%)和Ccdee(36.54%);Rh血型5种抗原的阳性率依次为D(99.67%)>e(94.07%)>C(90.97%)>c(51.02%)>E(42.50%);RhD阳性患者中,不同ABO血型间Rh表型分布无明显差异(P>0.05),不同性别间Rh表型分布无明显差异(P>0.05),不同住院科室间Rh表型分布无明显差异(P>0.05),不同年龄间Rh表型分布不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论重庆地区住院患者主要Rh表型为CCDee和CcDEe,不同RhD血型和年龄患者Rh表型分布特征不同,ABO血型、性别和科室对患者Rh表型分布无影响。建立Rh表型数据库,进行Rh 5种抗原同型、相容性和规避性输注可有效降低意外抗体发生率,为临床安全有效输血提供保障。

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of Rh blood group antigens and Rh phenotypes among hospitalized patients in Chongqing and explore the significance of Rh phenotyping in ensuring the clinical safety of blood transfusion.Methods We examined Rh(D,C,c,E,e)antigens and ABO blood types in 157927 hospitalized patients in Chongqing using micro-column gel test,and analyzed the distributions of Rh antigens and phenotypes in relation to ABO blood types,gender,and age of the patients and in different departments.Results Among the 157927 inpatients,157407 were RhD-positive(including 14 cases of D variants)and 520 were RhD-negative,and Rh phenotype distribution differed significantly between the 2 groups.The main phenotypes were CCDee(48.45%)and CcDEe(33.04%)in the RhD-positive patients,and were ccdee(43.27%)and Ccdee(36.54%)in RhD-negative patients.Among the Rh antigens,D antigen was the most common(99.67%),followed by e(94.07%),C(90.97%),c(51.02%)and E(42.50%).No significant differences were found in Rh phenotype distribution among the RhD-positive patients with different ABO blood types or genders or among the patients from different departments of the hospital(all P>0.05).Significant differences were found in Rh phenotype distribution among RhD-positive patients in different age groups(P<0.05).Conclusion CCDee and CcDEe are the predominant Rh phenotypes in hospitalized patients in Chongqing.The distribution of Rh phenotypes differ significantly among patients with different RhD blood types and in different age groups,and are not associated with ABO blood types,gender or departments where the patients receive care.The establishment of a Rh phenotype database for Rh antigen matching can help to reduce the occurrence of unexpected Rh antibodies and improve the safety of blood transfusion therapy.