超低容量喷雾对白纹伊蚊野外种群的杀灭效果研究

Study on the killing effect of ultra-low volume spray on field population of Aedes albopictus

目的探讨超低容量喷雾中杀虫剂药物种类、距离、剂量对杀灭白纹伊蚊野外种群的影响,为指导科学合理使用杀虫药械控制媒介伊蚊提供依据。方法应用2种背负式超低容量喷雾机和3种杀虫剂对空旷地域不同距离挂笼中白纹伊蚊进行定点喷雾,观察30 min击倒率和24 h死亡率,比较其杀灭距离、有效剂量等。结果 104 g/L氯菊-烯丙菊水乳剂、10%烯丙氯菊水乳剂和5%氯菊四氟醚水乳均10倍稀释,对5~12 m距离白纹伊蚊野外种群都能达到较好的杀灭效果;5 m的喷雾效果均为最好,距离间的喷雾效果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。野外种群的击倒率和死亡率明显低于实验室品系,30 min击倒率野外种群比敏感品系低16.00%~62.96%,24 h死亡率野外种群与实验室敏感品系低22.72%~88.24%(P<0.05)。结论超低容量喷雾对已产生抗性的白纹伊蚊野外种群的杀灭效果明显低于试验室品系;不同剂量对杀灭效果有明显影响;为有效控制白纹伊蚊,合理指导用药,可在进行抗药性监测的基础上,进一步开展药物种类和剂量的筛选试验。

Objective To explore the effects of insecticide types,distance and dose distance on killing Aedes albopictus field population in ultra-low volume(ULV)spray,so as to provide a basis for guiding the scientific and rational use of insecticide and instruments to control Ae.albopictus.Methods Three insecticides in 2 kinds of knap-mounted ULV sprayers were used to spray Ae.albopictus in cages at different distances in open areas at fixed points,to observe the knockdown rate at 30 min and the mortality rate at 24 h,and to study the killing distance and effective dose.Results Diluted by 10 times,insecticides permethrin S-bio-allethrin 104 g/L water emulsion(EW),permethrin tetramethyfluthrin 5% EW,and permethrin Es-bio-allenthrin 10% EW could achieve good killing effect to Ae.albopictus field population from 5 to 12 m distance.The spray effect of 5 m was the best,and the differences of spray effect among distances were statistically significant(P<0.05).Under the same conditions,the knockdown rates and death rates of the field population were significantly lower than those of the laboratory strain,with 16.00%-62.96% and 22.72-88.24% respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion The killing effect of ultra-low volume spray on Ae.albopictus strain in laboratory was significantly better than that of resistant population in field.Different dosage had obvious effect on killing effect.In order to control Ae.albopictus effectively and guide insecticide use rationally,insecticides and effective dose screening tests can be further carried out on the basis of resistance monitoring.