2015—2019年浙江省新确证50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years or over in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2019

目的了解2015—2019年浙江省新确证≥50岁艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)的流行特征,为制定≥50岁人群艾滋病防控策略提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病综合防治信息系统收集2015—2019年浙江省新确证≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例资料,分析病例的人口学特征、感染途径、地区分布和时间分布。结果2015—2019年浙江省新确证≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例6 726例,呈逐年增加趋势(P<0.05)。其中50岁~组、60岁~组和70~91岁组分别为3 433例、2 242例和1 051例,占51.04%、33.33%和15.63%;男性5 180例,占77.01%;已婚4 286例,占63.72%;浙江省户籍5 304例,占78.86%;农村居民4 095例,占60.88%。浙江省户籍HIV/AIDS病例中农村居民比例呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。经性接触感染6 586例,占97.92%。经性接触感染的5 083例男性病例中,经异性性接触感染占82.63%,有非婚异性性伴占94.79%,其中商业性伴占76.61%。已婚女性病例的配偶确证阳性占75.44%。随年龄增加,农村HIV/AIDS病例比例,男性病例经异性性接触感染、有非婚异性性伴和非婚异性商业性伴的比例,以及女性病例配偶HIV抗体阳性比例均呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论 2015—2019年浙江省新确证≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例逐年增加,以农村居民为主,异性商业性行为是男性感染的主要途径,并在一定程度上造成配偶间传播。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years or over in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2019, so as to provide reference for the development of preventionand control strategies.Methods The data of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases in Zhejiang Province were collectedthrough the China HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System, and the demographic characteris-tics, infection routes,regional distribution and time distribution of the cases were analyzed.Results A total of 6 726 HIV/AIDS patients were recruited in this study, and the number of new patients from 2015 to 2019 showed an increasingtrend( P <0.05). The number of participants diagnosed at the age of 50-59, 60-69 and 70-91 years old were 3 433( 51.04%), 2 242( 33.33%) and 1 051( 15.63%). The majority of them were males( 5 180, 77.01%), married( 4 286,63.72%), Zhejiang residents( 5 304, 78.86%), and lived in rural areas( 4 095, 60.88%). In terms of exposure history,6 586 cases( 97.92%) were infected by sexual contact. Among the 5 083 males infected by sexual contact, 82.63% were through heterosexual contact, 94.79% had extramarital sex partners, among whom 76.61% were commercial sex partners.The married women patients who confirmed HIV positive accounted for 75.44%. There were increasing trends in theproportion of the cases living in rural areas, male cases infected through heterosexual contact and those with extramaritaland commercial sex partners, and female cases with their husbands positive along with age(P <0.05).Conclusion sThenumber of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases aged ≥50 years is increasing in Zhejiang Province. Many of them live inrural areas. Commercial sexual contact is the main route of HIV transmission among males and further lead to HIVtransmission within couples.