公共利益实现的“情境-行动”逻辑——基于成本-利益分布结构理论的阐释

The “Context-Action” Logic of the Realization of Public Interest——Based on the Theory of Cost-Benefit Distribution Structure

追求和实现公共利益是政府施政正当性和公共性的体现,也是衡量政府善治能力的重要标准。既有关于公共利益的研究,往往内卷于政治哲学的辨析或关注一般性的制度安排,难以回答具体情境下公共利益实现的悖论难题,即"一部分人获得利益,而另一部分人承担成本"的公共利益分布"结构性"失衡现象。本文在借鉴威尔逊政策成本-利益分布结构模型基础上,提出了以"责任影响政策"机制为核心的公共利益实现的"情境-行动"理论框架,并通过案例说明了该框架在促进政策成本-利益分布均衡中的作用。对公共利益实现的"情境-行动"逻辑的深入研究,对政府治理能力的改进和人民群众获得感的提升,有着积极的现实意义。

Pursuing and realizing public interests embodies its legitimacy and publicity of government administration,and also the fundamental standard to measure the government’s ability of good governance.However,the existing research on public interest is involved in the analysis of political philosophy or the general institutional arrangement,and lacks the topic construction of the realization of public interest under specific circumstances.This paper found that the structural imbalance in public interest distribution of"some people benefit while others bear the cost",is a paradox phenomenon in public interest realization.Based on the Wilson’s model of policy cost-benefit distribution structure,this paper proposes a"context-action"theoretical framework for the realization of public interests centered on the"responsibility impact policy"mechanism in the context of Chinese governance,and illustrates the role of this framework in promoting the balance of cost-benefit distribution through a case study.This study is helpful to build a knowledge topic more suitable for China’s coordinated and inclusive development,playing significant role in improving the governance ability of the government as well as the people’s sense of gain.