热压工艺对Cf/Al叠层复合材料组织及力学性能的影响

Effects of Hot-pressing Process Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cf/Al Laminated Composites

以1060Al箔、HL403铝合金粉和M40单向碳纤维布为原材料,纤维体积分数为22.80%,采用真空热压法制备了Cf/Al叠层复合材料。通过正交试验法研究了热压温度、热压时间和热压压力等工艺参数对复合材料组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,热压时间对复合材料的抗拉强度影响最为显著,热压温度对复合材料的致密度影响最为显著。1060Al箔与M40单向碳纤维布之间加入HL403铝合金粉,降低了热压温度,减缓了界面反应,同时生成的Al2Cu相抑制了Al4C3脆性相的生成,提高了复合材料的力学性能。当热压温度为510℃,热压时间为180 min,热压压力为15 MPa时,Cf/Al叠层复合材料的基体与纤维结合较好,铝基体层与纤维增强层交替排布,纤维分布均匀。Cf/Al叠层复合材料断裂时有大量纤维被拔出,拉伸断口表现为铝基体层的韧性断裂与纤维增强层的脆性断裂。Cf/Al叠层复合材料的密度为2.492 g/cm3,致密度为99.80%,抗拉强度为254.75 MPa,抗弯强度为334.97 MPa。

The Cf/Al laminated composites were prepared by vacuum hot-pressing with 1060 Al foil,HL403 aluminum alloy powder and M40 unidirectional carbon fiber cloth as raw materials,and the fiber volume fraction is 22.80%.The effects of hot-pressing temperature,time and pressure on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by orthogonal experiment.The results reveal that the hot-pressing time has the most significant effect on the tensile strength,and the hot-pressing temperature has the most significant effect on the density.The addition of HL403 aluminum alloy powder between 1060 Al foil and M40 unidirectional carbon fiber cloth can reduce the hot-pressing temperature and inhibit the interface reaction.Meanwhile,the Al2Cu phase formed can inhibit the formation of the brittle phase Al4C3,which improves the mechanical properties of the composites.With the hot-pressing temperature of 510℃,the hot-pressing time of 180 min and the hot-pressing pressure of 15 MPa,the matrix and fiber of Cf/Al laminated composites are well bonded,and the aluminum matrix layer and fiber reinforced layer are arranged alternately,and the fiber presents uniform distribution.A large number of fibers are pulled out when the Cf/Al laminated composites are fractured,and the tensile fracture shows the ductile fracture of the aluminum matrix layer and the brittle fracture of the fiber reinforced layer.The composites show the satisfied performance in density of 2.492 g/cm3,relative density of 99.80%,tensile strength of 254.75 MPa and flexural strength of 334.97 MPa.