新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间安徽省医护人员心理健康现状及影响因素

Mental health status of medical staff based on SCL-90 in Anhui Province during the epidemic situation of COVID-19

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19,简称"新冠肺炎")疫情期间安徽省医护人员心理健康现况及其影响因素,为进一步开展针对医务人员的心理健康干预和疏导提供科学依据。方法2020年2月12日到3月4日,使用症状自评量表(symptom check list 90,SCL-90)对安徽省医护人员心理健康状况进行评估,共获得有效问卷12759份。运用描述性分析、t检验、χ~2检验和二元Logistic回归分析模型进行统计学分析。结果调查样本SCL-90总因子得分为(1.41±0.45)分,心理异常检出率为36.1%。医护人员强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、偏执、精神病性和寝食状态7个因子得分均低于中国常模人群,恐怖因子得分则高于中国常模人群,差异有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示女性、高级职称以及所在医院类型为省级、县级医院是医生发生心理异常的危险因素(均有P<0.05),女性、年龄为30~39岁以及所在医院类型为省级、市级和县级医院是护士发生心理异常的危险因素(均有P<0.05)。结论安徽省新冠肺炎疫情期间医护人员总体心理健康水平相对稳定,但心理异常检出率较高。医生和护士发生心理异常的危险因素存在差异,应有针对性地对医护人员采取心理健康干预措施,提高其心理健康水平。

Objective To understand the current situation and the influencing factors of psychological symptoms of medical staff in Anhui Province during the epidemic situation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and to provide scientific basis for targeted psychological intervention and guidance for medical staff.Methods The data were collected from February 12 to March 4,2020.Symptom checklist 90(SCL-90)was used to evaluate the mental health status of medical staff in Anhui Province.A total of 12759 valid questionnaires were obtained.Descriptive analysis,t-test,χ~2 test and binary Logistic regression model were employed for statistical analysis.Results The total factor score of SCL-90 was(1.41±0.45),and the positive rate of psychological abnormality detection was 36.1%.Compared with the Chinese normal population,the scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,hostility,paranoia,psychosis and sleeping and eating state of the medical staff were lower than those of the Chinese norm,while the score of phobia factor was higher than that of the Chinese norm,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The results of Binary Logistic regression showed that female,senior professional,in provincial or county type hospital were risk factors for mental health of doctors(all P<0.05),and female,30-39 age group,in provincial,municipal or county type hospital were risk factors for mental health of nurses(all P<0.05).Conclusions The overall mental health level of medical staff during the epidemic of COVID-19 in Anhui Province is relatively stable,which is better than the Chinese norm,but the positive rate of psychological abnormal is high.The risk factors of psychological abnormalities are different in doctors and nurses.It is suggested that targeted measures should be taken to improve mental health level of medical staff.