广州市2019年两栖及爬行类动物食品霍乱弧菌污染状况

Survey of Vibrio cholerae contamination in foods of amphibians and reptiles in Guangzhou,2019

目的了解广州市两栖及爬行类动物食品中霍乱弧菌污染情况,为两栖及爬行类动物食品的卫生监管与霍乱的防控提供参考。方法根据广州市人口分布情况、地域分布特点、食品生产、流通与消费水平等因素选择广州市5个行政区的超市、农贸/肉菜市场、批发市场及汕头市某养殖场,于2019年3月、5月、8月、10月及11月按随机抽样方法采集两栖及爬行类动物食品(活牛蛙与活甲鱼),参照《霍乱防治手册》的方法要求进行霍乱弧菌的检测。结果共采集两栖及爬行类动物食品127份,霍乱弧菌总阳性率为4.72%(6/127);蛙类霍乱弧菌阳性率为6.90%(6/87),甲鱼中未检出霍乱弧菌。从采样区域看,阳性样品来自荔湾区、白云区与汕头市;从采样场所看,阳性样品采自农贸/肉菜市场、批发市场及养殖场;从样品产地看,6份阳性样品主要采自本省其他市及省外;从采样时间看,仅10月和11月检出霍乱弧菌;霍乱弧菌阳性样品在不同区域、场所、产地及月份间分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);分离到的6株霍乱菌株血清型均为O1群稻叶型,毒力基因(ctxA)为阴性。结论广州市两栖及爬行类动物食品霍乱弧菌总体污染水平较低,建议加强对蛙类养殖环节的霍乱弧菌污染监测。

Objective To investigate the contamination status of Vibrio cholerae in foods of amphibians and reptiles during circulation and cultivation in Guangzhou in 2019,and we provide evidence for the food safety supervision and further prevention and control of food-borne cholerae outbreaks.Methods According to population and regional distribution,characteristics of food production,circulation and consumption features of Guangzhou,amphibian and reptile foods(live turtles and frogs)were collected from supermarkets,farmer’s market,wholesale market in five districts of Guangzhou and cultured areas of amphibians and reptiles in Shantou city by random sampling in March,May,August,October and November of 2019,and Vibrio cholerae was detected in these samples in line with Manual of Vibrio cholerae Prevention and Control.Results A total of 127 live turtles and frogs were collected,and the prevalence of Vibrio cholerae was 4.72%(6/127).The prevalence of Vibrio cholerae in frog samples was 6.90%(6/87),while O1 and O139 Vibrio cholerae was found negative for all turtle samples.Vibrio cholerae was detected in samples from Baiyun District,Liwan District and Shantou city.The cholerae-positive samples were collected from farmer’s market,wholesale market and farm;From the sample area,6 positive samples were mainly derived from other cities in Guangdong Province and outside the Province;According to the sampling time,Vibrio cholerae was detected only in October and November.The distribution of Vibrio cholerae positive samples in different regions,places,places of origin and months was not statistically significant(P>0.05).All isolated strains were categorized into Inaba of O1 group,and the virulence gene ctxA was negative.Conclusion The contamination level of Vibrio cholerae was relatively low in amphibian and reptile foods of Guangzhou,more attention should be paid to the cholera contamination in frogs during breeding period.