论刑事涉案财物处置措施与民事诉讼的分工合作

On the division and cooperation between the measures of property disposal involved in criminal cases and civil proceedings

依据我国立法,被犯罪人或刑事被告人非法占有、处置的受害人财物,只能通过刑事涉案财物处置措施寻求救济,而不能通过刑事附带民事诉讼或另行提起民事诉讼来请求返还原物、返还不当得利或赔偿损失。但这种制度设计,既不能有效保护被害人利益,也并不必然提高司法效率,唯有刑事涉案财物处置措施与民事诉讼分工合作,方能实现公私法益的平衡。

According to the legislation of China,the victim’s property illegally possessed and disposed by the criminal or the criminal defendant can only seek relief through measures of property disposal involved in criminal cases,but cannot claim the return of the original property,the return of ill-gotten gains or compensation for losses through the civil action attached to the criminal case or a separate civil action.However,such system design can neither effectively protect the interests of victims nor necessarily improve judicial efficiency.Only through the division and cooperation between the measures of property disposal involved in criminal cases and civil proceedings can the balance of public and private legal interests be realized.