玉米opaque2突变体子粒表型及营养成分分析

Kernel Phenotype and Nutrient Analysis of opaque2 Mutant

通过回交转育构建o2突变型的近等基因系CAL58/o2,对其子粒进行扫描电镜和透射电镜观察,发现与CAL58相比,CAL58/o2中淀粉颗粒排列松散,形状更加规则,CAL58/o2子粒中蛋白体体积变小。分析子粒的营养成分,CAL58/o2赖氨酸含量极显著提高了55.88%,氨基酸总量显著减少9.79%,粗蛋白显著减少8.86%,粗脂肪显著增加30.96%,粗淀粉显著增加5.87%。同时,提取成熟子粒醇溶蛋白进行比较,CAL58/o2子粒的α、β-醇溶蛋白含量明显降低,γ-醇溶蛋白含量增加。

Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the mature and developing endosperm. It was found that starch granules were arranged more random and loosely, and the protein bodies are smaller in CAL58/o2 compared with wild genotype. After analysis of nutrients between the two lines,we found that because of o2 mutation the content of lysine significantly increased 55.88%, total amino acid decreased 9.79%, total protein decreased 8.86%, and the content of fatty and starch increased 30.96% and 5.87%, respectively. We also compared the differences of zein between the two lines and found that α, β-zein were decreased, γ-zein was increased in CAL58/o2.