长沙地区小儿反复呼吸道感染的病原体检测情况分析

Detection of pathogens in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection in Changsha

目的分析长沙地区14岁以下小儿反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)的病原体流行病学情况。方法采集本院内因反复咳嗽或内科治疗效果不佳的322例RRTI患儿行咽拭子检查,送检呼吸道13项病原体核酸检测,总结分析检出的病原体类型及病原菌分布特征。结果322例样本中检出阳性样本313例(97.20%),其中以BP占比最高,为25.47%;其次为RSV,占比22.67%;第三为SP,占比13.35%。RRTI病原体总阳性检出率在不同季节间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);其中BP在夏季有明显流行趋势;Hi在冬季有明显流行趋势;PIV则在春季有明显流行趋势。RRTI病原体总阳性检出率在不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);其中BP、RSV在≤1岁组的阳性检出率最高分别为37.50%、33.92%;SP、PIV则在3~≤6岁组的阳性检出率最高,分别为23.16%、16.84%。结论长沙地区引起RRTI反复呼吸道感染的病原体主要为BP、RSV及SP,且上述病原体阳性检出率均有季节流行趋势;1岁以下婴幼儿的BP、RSV感染率较高,3~≤6岁儿童的SP、PIV感染率较高。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology of recurrent respiratory infections(RRTI)in children under 14 years of age in Changsha.Methods 322 RRTI children with recurrent cough or ineffective medical treatment in our hospital were collected for throat swab examination,and 13 pathogens of respiratory tract were examined for nucleic acid detection.The detected pathogen types and pathogen distribution characteristics were summarized and analyzed.Results 313(97.20%)of 322 samples were positive,with BP accounting for 25.47%.RSV was the second,accounting for 22.67%.The third was SP,accounting for 13.35%.There was no significant difference in the total positive rate of RRTI pathogens among different seasons(P>0.05).Among them,BP had obvious epidemic trend in summer,Hi had obvious epidemic trend in winter,and PIV had an obvious popular trend in spring.Among them,the positive detection rates of BP and RSV in the≤1 year old group were 37.50%and 33.92%respectively.SP and PIV had the highest positive detection rate in the group aged 3~6 years old,23.16%and 16.84%respectively.Conclusion The pathogens causing RRTI recurrent respiratory tract infection in Changsha are mainly BP,RSV and SP,and the positive detection rates of the above pathogens have seasonal epidemic trend.The infection rates of BP and RSV are higher in infants under 1 year old,while the infection rates of SP and PIV are higher in children aged 3~6 years old.