轴瓦变形对水润滑橡胶轴承润滑特性的影响研究

Study on the Influences of Bearing Bush Deformation on the Lubrication Characteristics of Water-lubricated Rubber Bearings

水润滑橡胶轴承已广泛应用于船舶推进轴系中,其橡胶内衬材料的低弹性模量会使轴瓦产生较大变形,进而影响轴瓦润滑性能。以水润滑橡胶轴承为研究对象,建立水润滑轴承弹流润滑理论模型,研究轴瓦变形对水润滑橡胶轴承润滑性能的影响。结果表明,橡胶轴瓦最大变形量可达最小膜厚的两倍;轴瓦变形使橡胶轴承水膜压力下降,膜厚升高,但有利于改善大偏心率下轴承应力集中的问题;考虑轴瓦变形后轴承承载能力大幅下降,摩擦力降低,摩擦因数增大;考虑轴瓦变形后轴颈偏心率更大,偏位角更小。由此可见,轴瓦变形对水润滑橡胶轴承性能影响明显,有必要在其润滑、摩擦机理研究中考虑轴瓦的变形。

Water-lubricated rubber bearings have been widely used in ship propulsion shafting.The low elastic modulus of the rubber lining material will cause large deformation of the bearing,which will affect the lubrication performance of the bearing.Taking the water-lubricated rubber bearing as the research object,a theoretical model of water-lubricated bearing elastohydrodynamic lubrication was established to study the influence of the deformation of the bearing bush on the lubrication performance of the water-lubricated rubber bearing.The results show that the maximum deformation of the rubber bearing shell can reach twice the minimum film thickness;the deformation of the bearing shell causes the water film pressure of the rubber bearing to decrease and the film thickness to increase,but it is beneficial to improve the bearing stress concentration problem under large eccentricity;considering the deformation of the bearing shell,the bearing capacity is greatly reduced,the friction is reduced,and the friction factor is increased;considering the deformation of the bearing bush,the eccentricity of the journal is larger and the deflection angle is smaller.It can be seen that the deformation of the bearing bush has a significant effect on the performance of water-lubricated rubber bearings,and it is necessary to consider the deformation of the bearing bush in the study of its lubrication and friction mechanism.