调控骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的Wnt/β-catenin信号通路及相关因素

Related factors regulating osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

背景:骨髓间充质干细胞诱导成骨而抑制成脂分化是骨质疏松症防治的关键,也是骨组织修复工程种子细胞的来源,Wnt信号通路对骨形成起着重要作用。目的:综述Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的相关因素及分子机制。方法:应用计算机检索CNKI、PubMed及万方医学数据库建库至2020年2月发表的相关文献,中文关键词为"骨髓间充质干细胞,骨质疏松,成骨分化,骨细胞,细胞外基质,骨关节炎,Wnt,β-catenin",英文关键词为"BMSCs,osteoarthritis,Wnt/β-catenin,Wnt",最终纳入62篇符合标准的文献进行综述。结果与结论:通过Wnt/β-catenin关键信号通路作用的各种因素可以直接或间接促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化,有正向促进,也有反向抑制甚至由于各因素之间相互作用形成环路调控。Wnt/β-catenin信号通路是骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的关键信号通路;通过系统分析骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的分子机制为骨组织工程研究提供理论基础,可以更快实现骨组织工程治疗应用。

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induce osteogenesis and inhibit adipocyte differentiation,which is the key to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and the source of seed cells for bone tissue repair engineering.Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in bone formation.OBJECTIVE:To review the related factors and molecular mechanisms that regulate osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.METHODS:CNKI,PubMed and Wanfang Medical Database were retrieved by computer for related literatures published from inception to February 2020.The Chinese key words were“bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,osteoporosis,osteogenic differentiation,osteocytes,extracellular matrix,osteoarthritis,Wnt,β-catenin”.The English key words were“BMSCs,osteoarthritis,Wnt/β-catenin,Wnt”.Finally,62 articles were included in the review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The relevant factors can directly or indirectly regulate the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.There are positive promotion,negative inhibition and even loop regulation due to the interaction between various factors.The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a key signal for osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.The systematic analysis of the molecular mechanism of osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells provides a theoretical basis for bone tissue engineering,and can realize the application of bone tissue engineering faster.