论魏徵“体格清美”的骈文及其政本文学思想

On Wei Zheng’s Pianwen with an Elegant and Elaborate Style and His Politically-Themed Literary Thoughts

清代骈文理论家孙梅对魏徵骈文评价很高,称其文"体格清美,蔚乎徐、庾之上"。经考证魏徵现存骈文39篇,逐篇分析之后可发现其骈文内容清雅质朴、声韵激越清切、用典雅正流利、词旨剀切清美,体现了文质并重、追求"清美"的政本文学思想。这也是初唐史学家文学思想的代表,是对魏晋南北朝文学及其理论的辩证认同,顺应了文学发展的历史潮流。魏徵雅正清美的骈文一扫六朝骈文靡丽纤弱的文风,奠定了初唐文坛的文学风尚,影响了中唐陆贽的骈体公文改革。

Sun Mei,a theorist of pianwen(parallel prose)in the Qing Dynasty,thought highly of Wei Zheng’s pianwen,commenting that his writing style was more elegant and elaborate than that of XuLing and YuXin.Examining and analyzing the existent 39 pianwen written by Wei Zheng,this paper shows that the contents are elegant,the rhythm intense,the allusions classic,and the themes sincere,which demonstrate his politically-themed literary thoughts that highlight both the style and the idea,and pursue the elaborate elegance.While representing the literary thoughts of the historians in the early Tang Dynasty,Wei Zheng’s thoughts show a dialectical recognition of the literature and theories in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,which adapts to the historical trend of the literature development.Wei Zheng’s pianwen with an elegant and elaborate style eradicates the resplendent and feeble style in the Six Dynasties,establishing the literary fashion of the early Tang Dynasty while affecting Lu Zhi’s reform of parallel-style official documents in the middle Tang Dynasty.