山区高速公路减灾防灾选线技术研究

Research on Route Selection Technology for Disaster Reduction and Disaster Prevention in Mountainous Highways

高速公路建设正大力向艰险山区推进,在建设过程当中所遇到的灾害风险也越来越多,处理难度愈来愈大。基于此现状,结合贵州省上万公里的高速公路建设实践,提出了考虑高速公路全寿命周期内的山区高速公路减灾防灾选线新理念。通过从“区域地质构造→地形地貌和人类工程活动及气候水文地质方面进行风险判识→野外调查、钻探、物探、坑探等手段进行风险查明→初步确定路线方案和减灾防灾的工程措施→与业主和咨询单位快速响应沟通→确定高速公路路线方案”的山区高速公路减灾防灾选线的技术思路。定线之前以识别地质灾害和可能的灾害风险为基础,定线时以规避、防范地质灾害风险为根本,最终以规避或降低高速公路建设期间和营运期间灾害风险为目的的减灾防灾选线技术。实践证明,这套方法大大降低了高速公路建设期间和营运期间灾害风险。

The construction of expressways is vigorously advancing to the difficult mountainous areas.The disaster risks encountered during the construction process are also increasing,and the handling difficulty is getting bigger and bigger.Based on this situation,combined with the practice of highway construction in tens of thousands of kilometers in Guizhou Province,a new concept of mountainous highway disaster reduction and disaster prevention selection line in the whole life cycle of expressway is proposed.Through the regional geological structure→topography and human engineering activities and climate hydrogeology,risk identification→field investigation,drilling,geophysical exploration,pit exploration and other means to identify the risk→preliminary determination of the route plan and disaster reduction and prevention engineering measures→Technical ideas for the disaster reduction and disaster prevention line selection of mountainous highways with the rapid response of the owners and consulting units→the determination of the expressway route plan.Before the alignment,based on the identification of geological disasters and possible disaster risks,it is essential to avoid or reduce the risk of geological disasters when the line is set,and finally to reduce or reduce the risk of disasters during highway construction and operation period.technology.Practice has proved that this method greatly reduces the risk of disasters during highway construction and operation.