病毒性脑膜炎患者病原学流行特征回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of viral meningitis

目的回顾性分析本地区病毒性脑膜炎及E30病毒株的流行特征,为该疾病的防控提供依据。方法收集本地区2012年-2017年经临床医生诊断为病毒性脑膜炎患者的脑脊液样本,通过实时荧光定量PCR技术检测脑脊液标本中的病毒分布;采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)测定和分析E30分离株VP1基因序列。结果2012年-2017年共收集到712例病毒性脑膜炎病例,其中2013年、2016年、2017年病例数较多,均超过100例;脑脊液标本中检到3种病毒,共172例(24.2%);其中EV163例、JEV 7例、HSV22例;共分离到130例E30病毒株(18.3%),主要分布于2013年、2017年,分别为48例、37例;在2012年-2014年E30发病率较高,最高达31.8%(2014年),2017年又上升至19.3%。结论近几年本地区有病毒性脑膜炎的暴发流行,E30是该流行病的主要病原体。鉴于该病毒引起的脑膜炎的流行潜力,对其进行持续监测至关重要。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the epidemic characteristics of viral meningitis and serotype 30 of Eco virus(E30)strains in this region,so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of this disease.Methods Cerebrospinal fluid samples of patients with viral meningitis diagnosed by clinicians in this region were collected from 2012 to 2017.The virus distribution in cerebrospinal fluid samples was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to determine and analyze the VP1 gene sequence of E30 isolates.Results A total of 712 cases of viral meningitis were collected from 2012 to 2017,among which the number of cases in 2013,2016 and2017 were more than 100.A total of 172 cases(24.2%)of 3 viruses were detected in CSF specimens.Among them,there were 163 cases of EV,7 cases of JEV and 2 cases of HSV-2.A total of 130 cases(18.3%)of E30 virus strains were isolated,mainly distributed in 2013 and 2017,with 48 cases and 37 cases respectively.In 2012-2014,the incidence of E30 was high,reaching up to 31.8%(2014),and rose to 19.3%in 2017.Conclusion E30 is the main pathogen of viral meningitis.In view of the epidemic potential of meningitis caused by the virus,its continued monitoring is crucial.