冻土冻胀模型研究现状与进展

Research status and progress of frost heave model for frozen soil

随着“一带一路”和极地开发战略的推进,寒区重点工程快速发展。土体冻胀现象对寒区工程运行的稳定性造成了巨大危害,是寒区工程建设中迫切需要解决的问题。冻胀模型是了解冻胀机理、模拟冻胀过程和指导抗冻害措施设计的基础理论。国内外相关领域学者在不同假设条件下提出了许多冻胀模型。为了更加明晰冻胀发生的机理、理清不同冻胀模型的适用范围、提高抗冻害措施的效果,本文总结了理论分析中常用的几种冻胀模型,评价了各种冻胀模型在实际使用中的合理性及不足,介绍了冻胀模型研究的发展趋势及面临的问题。最后,描述了寒区工程冻害现状,并从土质、水分和温度等引起冻害的关键因素出发,与冻胀模型相结合,分析各种抗冻胀措施在工程中的应用效果。

With the development of the“Belt and Road”and polar development strategies,a vast number of key projects are under construction in cold regions.It is an urgent problem that frost heave is a great threat to stable engineering operations.The frost heave model is the grounded theory to understand the mechanism of frost heave,simulate the frost heave process and guide the design of anti-frost damage measures.Scholars in related fields have proposed many frost heave models under different assumptions.To clarify the mechanism of frost heave,to explain the applicable scope of different frost heave models,and improve the effect of anti-frost damage measures,we summarized several mathematical models of frost heave,evaluated rationality and limitation of application for modeling and introduce development trends and problems for the mechanism of freezing.At last,we describe the present situation of the frost damages,based on an aspect of soil,water,and temperature,analyze the effect of anti-frost heave measures for the engineering application by the frost heave models.