法治视角下的伦敦规划编制框架

The London Plan Compiling Framework in the Perspective of Nomocracy

随着依法治国逐步深化,区域与城市的治理将上升为法治。我国大都市区规划编制方法尚在探究与尝试,可能面临"终局性"缺乏操作空间、"静态化"缺乏灵活实施的困境。大都市区规划编制的法治化是全面依法治国下科学动态规划的必然方向。该研究选取英国大伦敦地区作为借鉴对象,梳理英国与伦敦法治规划发展历程,并分析现行伦敦规划的编制主体、编制过程及编制保障分析的结构及法理内涵。编制主体由权力机构自上而下指导设立、行政机构自下而上废除变更,集市长团队、议会与合作机构为一体的公私合作伙伴。编制过程是一个融合了变革创新的战略规划、持续更新的预备规划与修订规划的动态规划系统。编制保障分为由伦敦规划年度监测报告作为核心措施、伦敦发展数据库作为数据支撑的技术保障,以及由线上参与、线下互动与权利行使三种方式构成的公众参与保障。

With the gradual deepening of governing the country according to law, regional and urban governance will rise to nomocracy. The plan compilation for metropolitan areas is still being explored. Referring to the urban master plan compilation, it will meet the problem of lacking of easy-to-operate adjustment mechanism, and the flexibility to guide the implementation process. Therefore, the plan compilation with nomocracy in metropolitan areas is the inevitable direction. This research selects Greater London, UK as the reference, based on the planning and legislative stage, we study the current London plan compilation, the working body, compilation process and preparation of guarantees, and their legal connotations. Firstly, the working body is set up by the Mayor’s team, the parliament and the partner institutions connected by public-private partnership. Secondly, the process is a dynamic system that incorporates strategic plans, preparatory plans and revised plans. Finally, the guarantees are divided into the technical guarantee, AMR supported by LDD, and the public participation guarantee, consisting of online participation, offline interaction and rights exercise.