两种十氢十硼酸金属盐的表面特性及在富燃料推进剂中的应用

Surface characteristics of two dodecahydrododecaborate metal salts and its application in fuel-rich propellants

基于硼氢盐化合物具有高燃速、高燃烧热值等优点,探索了两种十氢十硼酸金属盐化合物(BHM)在富燃料推进剂中应用前景。采用DCAT 21型动态接触角/表面张力仪测量了BHM、AP、Mg、团聚硼、HTPB的接触角,计算了固体组分与HTPB之间的粘合功W和铺展系数S,结果显示几种固体组分与HTPB粘合剂相互作用大小次序为AP/HTPB>BH-2/HTPB>团聚硼/HTPB>Mg/HTPB>BH-1/HTPB,且SHTPB/BH-1较小,因为BH-1不能充分浸润于HTPB粘合剂,界面间产生排斥作用,导致含硼氢盐BH-1推进剂内部出现裂纹。还研究了含硼氢盐BH-2富燃料推进剂的流变性能、能量性能和燃烧性能。结果表明,用硼氢盐BH-2替代团聚硼粉,能降低推进剂药浆的表观粘度和屈服值,提高推进剂实测热值,其中,BH-2含量30%的B-2配方,推进剂药浆的屈服值为44.5 Pa,表观粘度为188 Pa·s,燃烧效率达到了93.2%。发现硼氢盐使推进剂燃速降低,且产生大量的燃烧残渣,这与燃烧产物中凝聚相碳(C)的大幅增加有关。依据硼氢盐分解和燃烧特点,认为其适应于燃料冲压发动机。

Boron hydride salts have the advantages of high burning rate and high combustion heat. In this paper, the applicationprospects of two kinds of decahydrodecaborate metal salts(BHM) were investigated in fuel-rich propellants.The contact angles ofboron hydride salt,AP,Mg,agglomerated Boron and HTPB were measured by DCAT 21 dynamic contact angle/surface tension me-ter. The work of adhesion and spread coefficient between filler and HTPB were calculated.The results indicate that the order of inter-action between several solid components and HTPB binder is:AP/HTPB>BH-2/HTPB>agglomerated boron/HTPB>Mg/HTPB>BH-1/HTPB,andSHTPB/BH-1 is small.Because BH-1 can not be fully infiltrated by HTPB,and there is repulsion between the inter-faces,resulting in cracks inside the propellant containing BH-1.The rheological,energy and combustion properties of fuel-rich pro-pellants with BH-2 were investigated.The results show that the replacement of agglomerated boron powder with boron hydride saltBH-2 can reduce the apparent viscosity and yield value of slurries and increase the tested calorific value of propellants.For the B-2 formula with 30% BH-2,the yield value of propellant slurry is 44.5 Pa,the apparent viscosity is 188 Pa·s,and the combustion effi-ciency is 93.2%.It is found that the boron hydrogen salt reduces the burning rate of propellants and produces a large amount of com-bustion residue,which is associated with a substantial increase of condensed phase C in the combustion products.According to thecharacteristics of decomposition and combustion of boron hydride salts,it is considered to be suitable for fuel ramjet engines.