金元四大家论治暑病特色

Therapy of summer heat disease by Four Eminent Physicians in Jin-Yuan Dynasty

金元时期是医学发展的繁荣时期,金元四大家对于暑病的诊治亦各有建树,为暑病的诊治提供了宝贵的经验。刘完素从"郁热"立论,重视暑湿相兼,创表里双解,用药多以寒凉制胜。张从正承河间之学,治病多从攻邪而论,善用汗吐下三法,于暑病之治尤重汗法,临床多针药结合,调补多用药膳。李东垣将暑病责之于脾胃虚损、感受暑邪,临床主以甘温除热,创清暑益气汤。朱丹溪创"气血痰郁"学说,论暑病注重其挟虚、挟痰之病机,治疗上注重补虚、祛痰。金元四大家使暑病之诊治体系逐渐完善,对后世临床暑病的诊治具有重大意义。

The Jin-Yuan Dynasty is a prosperous period of medical development.In this period there were Four Eminent Physicians who had their own achievements in summer heat disease and provided valuable experience for later.Liu Wansu discussed from the theory of "stagnation of heat",who had been conscious of the condition that summer heat and dampness existed together.In his formulas,with exterior-interior-releasing formula,there were more cold drugs used.Zhang Congzheng’s theory was derived from Liu Wansu,and he was good at the use of sweating,vomiting and purgation.For summer heat disease,sweating was commonly used.Both drugs and acupuncture were used in the therapy of summer heat disease,and medicated diet was used for deficiency pattern.Li Dongyuan focused on the deficiency of spleen and stomach in the mechanism of summer heat disease.So his main method was to warm and sweeten in the therapy of summer heat disease,for which he created the Qingshu Yiqi Decoction.Zhu Danxi established the theory of "qi,blood and phlegm stagnation".He emphasized that summer heat disease had characteristic of deficiency and phlegm,which was taken into account in the therapy.Four eminent physicians in Jin-Yuan Dynasty had gradually improved the mechanism and therapy of summer heat disease and had great significance for later ages.