精神科医护人员生活方式和心理健康的关联性

Analysis of the relationship between life style and mental health of psychiatric medical staff

目的:分析精神科医护人员的生活方式与心理健康之间的关系,以强调整体健康概念在维护医护人员心理健康中的重要性。方法:对某三级精神专科医院的临床医护人员发放一般信息问卷、生活方式调查量表及短期抑郁焦虑和压力量表(DASS21)进行横断面调查,共发放问卷500份,收回有效答卷417份。结果:417份有效答卷中,共201人被检出有一种或多种心理情绪症状,但未发现中度及以上抑郁、焦虑或压力等情绪症状。单因素分析结果显示:有心理情绪症状的人群中,规律饮食(χ~2=6.983,P=0.009)、优质睡眠(χ~2=38.846,P=0.004)的比例低,而药物辅助(χ~2=25.168,P=0.002)、吸烟(χ~2=66.727,P<0.001)、嗜酒(χ~2=40.012,P<0.001)、嗜赌(χ~2=37.204,P<0.001)的比例高,睡眠时间(t=13.779,P<0.001)和锻炼时间(t=5.681,P<0.001)、休闲时间(t=18.690,P<0.001)、社交时间(t=18.756,P<0.001)较少,差异具有统计学意义;Logistics二元回归分析显示:睡眠时间(OR=1.720,P<0.01)、优质睡眠(OR=0.170,P<0.05)、睡眠时间(OR=0.787,P<0.05)、休闲时间(OR=11.443,P<0.01)、社交时间(OR=4.847,P<0.01)是心理情绪症状的保护性因素;而嗜酒(OR=13.176,P<0.001)、嗜赌(OR=13.176,P<0.001)是心理情绪症状的风险因素。结论:精神科医护人员的心理健康和饮食、睡眠、不良嗜好、锻炼、文化休闲和社交等生活方式密切相关,关注生活方式,调整工作与生活之间的平衡,有利于保障心身健康。

Objective:To study the statistical relationship between the lifestyle and mental health of psychiatric medical staff in order to emphasize the importance of overall health concept in maintaining mental health of medical workers.Methods:The clinical medical staff of a tertiary psychiatric hospital were investigated with questionnaire,lifestyle survey scale and short-term depression,anxiety and stress scale(DASS 21).And the data were analyzed statistically.500 questionnaires were issued,and 417 effective response papers were collected.Results:In the 417 valid responses,201 people were found to have one or more psychological and emotional symptoms.However,no emotional symptoms such as moderate or above depression,anxiety or stress were found.Single-factor analysis showed that:Among people with psychological and emotional symptoms,the percentage of regular diet(χ~2=6.983,P<0.01)and quality sleep(χ~2=38.846,P<0.01)was low.While the proportion of drug-assisted(χ~2=25.168,P<0.01),smoking(χ~2=66.727,P<0.001),alcohol(χ~2=40.012,P<0.001),gambling(χ~2=37.204,P<0.001)were high.These people spend less time on average daily sleep(t=13.779,P<0.001)and physical exercise(t=5.681,P<0.001),cultural leisure(t=18.690,P<0.001),social activities(t=18.756,P<0.001).Logistics binary regression analysis showed that:sleep time(OR=1.720,P<0.01),quality sleep(OR=0.170,P<0.05),sleep time(OR=0.787,P<0.05),leisure time(OR=11.443,P<0.01),and social time(OR=4.847,P<0.01)were protective factors for psychological symptoms.Alcohol(OR=13.176,P<0.001)and gambling(OR=13.176,P<0.001)were risk factors for psychological symptoms.Conclusion:The mental health of psychiatric medical staff is closely related to diet,sleep,bad habits,cultural leisure,social life and other lifestyles.Paying attention to lifestyle and adjusting the balance between work and life are conducive to ensuring mental and physical health.