父母教养方式对留守儿童未来取向的影响:心理控制源的中介作用

Mediating effect of the locus of control between parenting style and future orientation in left-behind children

目的:探讨留守家庭的父母教养方式对子女未来取向的影响关系中,心理控制源发挥的中介作用。方法:采用整群抽样法,调查内容包含父母教养方式问卷、青少年未来取向问卷以及心理控制源问卷。结果:①相较于父母双方外出务工的留守儿童,父亲单方外出务工的留守儿童汇报了更多的父母消极教养(P<0.01)。②父母积极教养与消极教养分别与心理控制源(r=0.227,0.318;P<0.001)及未来取向(r=-0.211,-0.236;P<0.001)呈显著正相关和负相关。③心理控制源在父母积极教养与未来取向关系中的中介效应显著(效应值为0.05,Bootstrap 95%CI为[0.01,0.08]),但在父母消极教养与未来取向关系中的中介效应不显著(效应值为-0.02,Bootstrap 95%CI为[-0.05,0.01])。结论:留守家庭中,心理控制源是父母积极教养影响其子女未来取向的重要内部机制。

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of the locus of control between parenting styles and future orientation in left-behind children.Methods:A total of 446 left-behind children in junior high school participated in the survey and completed the parenting styles questionnaire,future orientation scale and locus of control questionnaire.Results:①Compared with the left-behind children whose both parents went out to work,the left-behind children whose fathers went out to work alone reported more negative parenting(P<0.01).②Positive and negative parenting were positively and negatively correlated with locus of control(r=0.227,0.318;P<0.001)and future orientation(r=-0.211,-0.236;P<0.001)respectively.③The mediating effect of locus of control was significant in the relationship between positive parenting and future orientation(mediating effect=0.05,Bootstrap 95%CI=[0.01,0.08]),but not in the relationship between negative parenting and future orientation(mediating effect=-0.02,Bootstrap 95%CI=[-0.05,0.01]).Conclusion:The locus of control is an important mechanism underlying the relationship between positive parenting and future orientation in left-behind children.