空巢青年解释水平对自我控制的影响:调节定向的中介作用

Influence of construal level on self-control in empty-nest youths-The mediating effect of regulatory focus

目的:了解空巢青年是否呈现"空巢不空心"状态,考察解释水平对自我控制的影响并探讨调节定向在二者间的中介效应。方法:采用自编空巢青年独居态度开放式问卷、行为鉴定表(BIF)、调节定向问卷(RFQ)、自我控制双系统量表(DMSC-S)修订版对94名空巢青年进行测查。结果:①87.2%的空巢青年将"空巢"视为人生的必经阶段,72.0%的青年表示大多数时候都享受独处,28%的受访者提到"孤独";②空巢青年的解释水平与控制系统显著正相关、与冲动系统显著负相关(r=0.23,-0.38;P<0.05);解释水平与促进定向显著正相关、与预防定向显著负相关(r=0.48,-0.37,P<0.001);促进定向与控制系统显著正相关(r=0.67,P<0.001);预防定向与冲动系统显著正相关(r=0.69,P<0.001);③促进定向在解释水平与控制系统间起完全中介作用、预防定向在解释水平与冲动系统间起完全中介作用。结论:从宏观层面看,空巢青年呈现"空巢不空心",但从个体层面来看,孤独可能带来心理问题;调节定向在解释水平与自我控制中起完全中介作用。

Objective:To explore whether empty-nest youth’ also empty in heart;To investigate empty-nest youth’ construal level and self-control,and analyze the influencing factors.Methods:A sample of 94 empty-nest youths completed four questionnaires,one was an self-designed open questionnaire to collect views about "Empty nest",another three were Behavior Identification Form,Regulatory Focus Questionnaire and Self-control Dual System Scale.Results:The results of the study showed that:①87.2% of empty nest youth regard "empty nest" as a necessary stage of life,72.0% of them said they enjoyed solitude most of the time,and 28% of them mention "loneliness";②There was a significantly positive correlation between construal level and self-control,a significantly negative correlation with the impulse system(r=0.23,-0.38;P<0.05);The level of construal level had a significantly positive correlation with the promotion focus and a significantly negative correlation with the prevention focus(r=0.48,-0.37;P<0.001);A significant positive correlation existed between the promotion focus and the control system(r=0.67,P<0.001);A significant positive correlation existed between the prevention focus and the impulse system(r=0.69,P<0.001);③Promotion focus had a complete mediating effect on construal level and control system,and prevention focus also had a complete mediating effect on construal level and implusive system.Conclusion:From the macro level,empty nest youth not empty in heart,but from the individual level,loneliness may bring psychological problems;Regulatory focus have a complete mediating effect on construal level and self-control.