纷争与应对:从《我之小史》窥觇近代徽州乡村社会

Disputes and Countermeasures:A Study of Modern Huizhou Rural Society from My Little History

近代徽州乡村社会的民间纠纷纷繁复杂,涉讼内容主要集中在坟产、盗窃、诬控、殴斗、无赖滋闹等方面,而徽州宗族、民间组织与地方官府在应对与处理乡间细故纷争时,皆以息纷化讼为根本宗旨,充分考虑乡村情理、族规与法理的极力调和与相容,促使乡间纷争在某种可控范围内得到一定的化解与息争,这体现了近代徽州乡村社会治理的基本意图与真实构想。然而,徽州各界理想化的乡村治理构设,在频繁涌现的乡间纠讼上,最终完美破产,稳健的乡村社会秩序被逐渐打破,由此暴露出的诸多乡村社会问题,从某一层面正诠释了近代徽州衰颓的根本原因。

In the modern rural society of Huizhou,there were many complicated civil disputes,which mainly focused on grave property,theft,false accusation,fighting,rogue and so on.While dealing with the disputes in the countryside,the clan,civil organization and local government in Huizhou all take dispute settlement as the fundamental purpose,fully consider the harmony and compatibility of the rural reason,clan rule and legal theory,and urge the disputes in the countryside to be resolved and settled within some controllable scope.However,the idealized rural governance structure of all circles in Huizhou finally went bankrupt perfectly and the stable rural social order was broken gradually,which exposed many rural social problems and explained the root cause of the decline of Huizhou in modern times from a certain level.