外部不利冲击背景下构建中国特色失业保险逆周期调节机制

Constructing Countercyclical Adjustment Mechanism of Unemployment Insurance Programs with Chinese Characteristics in the Background of Unexpected Shock

在外部不利冲击下,发挥失业保险的逆周期调节作用显得尤为重要。但是,由于对失业保险逆周期调节作用重视程度不够、对其功能认识不深入,失业保险逆周期调节机制缺乏系统性和协调性,导致中国失业保险逆周期调节效果不佳。逆周期调节是失业保险的核心功能和本质特征,包括供给侧调节机制和需求侧调节机制两个方面。中国失业保除供给侧逆周期调节机制较为完善,调节效果突出;但是需求侧调节机制不完善,调节效果不明显。为此,中国失业保险需要明确把逆周期调节作为制度目标,进一步完善需求侧调节机制、继续巩固供给侧调节机制,构建中国特色失业保险逆周期调节机制。

Countercyclical adjustment mechanism of unemployment insurance programs is very important in coping with the unexpected shock.China countercyclical adjustment mechanisms of unemployment insurance don't work very well because the policy makers and researchers don't realize the importance of countercyclical adjustment mechanism.Countercyclical adjustment,as the core function and essential feature of unemployment insurance program,includes both supply side and demand side adjustment mechanism.The supply side of countercyclical adjustment mechanism in China works well,while the demand side of it doesn5t work well.In order to construct the countercyclical adjustment mechanism of unemployment insurance programs with Chinese characteristic,policy makers should list the countercyclical adjustment as the core function of unemployment insurance program,further reform the demand side adjustment mechanism and keep the supply side adjustment mechanism.