麻醉后恢复室患者低氧血症发生率及高危因素的回顾性分析

Incidence of hypoxemia in a post-anesthesia care unit and relevant risk factors

目的研究麻醉后恢复室(PACU)患者低氧血症的发生情况,探寻可能的高危因素。方法收集相关临床数据,回顾性分析1年内PACU收治的14604例全身麻醉患者,对其低氧血症发生率和影响因素进行统计学分析。结果总低氧血症发生率为2.79%,多元回归分析显示年龄≥65岁、体质指数(BMI)≥25 kg/m^2、美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅱ级以上、四肢大手术和胸科手术后的患者发生低氧血症的风险明显增加。结论低氧血症是PACU内常见的并发症,年龄、BMI、ASA分级、手术部位与低氧血症发生密切相关。临床医生应关注高危患者,及时干预,减少PACU内低氧血症的发生。

Objective To investigate the incidence and potential risk factors of postoperative hypoxemia in a post-anesthesia care unit(PACU).Methods The retrospective cohort assessed 14604 postoperative patients who were admitted to PACU in a period of one year.Clinical data were collected,the incidence and potential risk factors for postoperative hypoxemia were statistically analyzed.Results The incidence of hypoxemia was 2.79%.Multiple regression analysis indicated that the risk factors were age(≥65-year old),body mass index(BMI≥25),American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA≥Ⅱ),limb surgery,and thoracic surgery.Conclusions Hypoxemia is common in postoperative patients in PACU.Age,BMI,ASA classification,and surgical site are associated with postoperative hypoxemia.Doctors should pay attention and give timely treatment to high-risk patients to prevent hypoxemia in PACU.