浅析RTK测绘系统在水文大断面测量中的应用--以元龙水文站为例

The application of RTK mapping system in large section hydrology measurement--Taking Yuanlong hydrological station as a case

河道断面分为纵断面和横断面,水文大断面测量一般为横断面.大断面测量是水文测验工作的重要组成部分,为测站考证、测深测速垂线布设、测站特性分析、河势变化分析、河道冲淤、河床演变等提供重要的基础资料,断面成果质量直接关系到流量测验精度和相关分析结论.测量内容包括起点距和高程测定,方法有很多种,精度要求高.随着国家大力发展北斗卫星系统,RTK技术已日益成熟,在水利、农业、交通、国土等行业的工程测量、地形测量得到广泛应用,极大地提高了外业作业效率.为了方便准确的对河道大断面进行高程测量,本文根据元龙水文站大断面测量实际,分析论证RTK测绘系统在河道断面测量中具备的优势与适用条件,以便推广应用.

River section is divided into vertical section and cross section.Large section measurement is an important part of hydrology test,which provides important basic data for station textual research,vertical line layout of sounding velocity,station characteristic analysis,river potential change analysis,channel scouring and silting,river bed evolution,etc.The quality of section results is directly related to the accuracy of flow test and relevant analysis conclusions.The content of measurement includes starting distance and elevation measurement.There are many methods and high precision is required.With the national efforts to develop beidou satellite system,RTK technology has become increasingly mature,and has been widely used in engineering survey and topographic survey in water conservancy,agriculture,transportation,land and other industries,greatly improving the efficiency of field operations.In order to facilitate the accurate elevation measurement of large river section,this paper analyzes and demonstrates the advantages and applicable conditions of RTK mapping system in river section measurement based on the actual measurement of large section of Yuanlong hydrological station,so as to promote its application.