《资本论》理论定向的阐释维度

The Interpretive Dimensions of the Theoretical Orientation of the Capital

《资本论》具有多样化的理论定向,并在后世解读中呈现出经济学、哲学、政治哲学等多样化的阐释维度。作为两种最具有影响力的阐释方式,对《资本论》的经济学理论定向和哲学理论定向的阐释,不仅各具理论合理性,而且具有很强的互补性。当基于经济学理论及其技术层面的《资本论》研究致力于完善与推进马克思政治经济学理论体系时,哲学理论定向的阐释维度将有助于更为全面地呈现《资本论》的当代价值。但是,由于对马克思哲学基本性质认知的差异性,因而在《资本论》的哲学理论定向的阐释维度上形成了多样化的解释方案。只有立足于唯物史观,才能真正呈现马克思哲学与《资本论》的内在性关联,并实质性地彰显《资本论》的当代价值;而要立足于唯物史观以确立马克思哲学与《资本论》的内在性关联,则必须首先明确唯物史观的《资本论》指向,即唯物史观是从黑格尔哲学体系中挣脱出来的伟大成果,是服务并从属于《资本论》研究课题的理论创立,真正的唯物史观就存在于《资本论》中。这是《资本论》的唯物史观理论定向。就此而言,《资本论》既是一部伟大的经济学著作,又是一部唯物史观的理论巨著。

Capital has a variety of theoretical orientations,and involves a variety of interpretive dimensions of economics,philosophy,political philosophy and so on.As the two most influential ways of interpretation,the interpretation of Capital oriented towards economics and that oriented towards philosophy reveal not only theoretical rationality but also strong complementarity.If research on Capital based on economic theory and its technical level is committed to the improvement of the theoretical system of Marxist political economy,the interpretive dimension oriented towards philosophy will help in presenting the contemporary value of Capital more comprehensively.However,due to different understandings of the basic nature of Marxist philosophy,a variety of interpretive schemes have emerged concerning the philosophy-oriented interpretive dimensions in Capital.It is only on the basis of historical materialism that we can truly present the intrinsic relationship between Marxist philosophy and Capital,and substantively demonstrate the contemporary value of Capital.To establish the intrinsic relationship between Marxist philosophy and Capital on the basis of historical materialism,we must first clarify the orientation of Capital with respect to historical materialism,that is,historical materialism is a great achievement that broke away from Hegelian philosophy and a theoretical creation that serves and belongs to research topics concerning Capital.True historical materialism exists in Capital;that is the theoretical orientation of historical materialism in Capital.In this regard,Capital is not only a great economic work,but also a great theoretical masterpiece of historical materialism.