黄铜矿和方铅矿的电化学特性及浮选行为研究进展

Research Progress in Electrochemical Characteristics and Flotation Behavior of Chalcopyrite and Galena

黄铜矿和方铅矿作为铜铅金属最主要的冶炼矿物,两者的浮选分离一直是行业内关注的重点。基于黄铜矿和方铅矿的半导体特性,从电化学角度分析了矿物表面的氧化规律、矿物学因素对浮选行为的影响及各种有机抑制剂在铜铅浮选分离过程中的作用机理。黄铜矿和方铅矿在矿物加工过程中均会产生不同程度的氧化,且氧化产物类型决定了矿物的表面性质;矿物成矿过程中产生的流体包裹体及各种类型的晶格缺陷会影响矿物的浮选行为,电化学调控和有机抑制剂的研究和应用可以改变矿物固有的浮选行为,实现黄铜矿和方铅矿的浮选分离。分析认为,应注重矿浆电位对半导体矿物浮选行为的影响,将浮选电化学和浮选溶液化学等理论相结合是研究复杂矿浆体系的有效方法。

Chalcopyrite and galena are the main smelting minerals of copper and lead metals,flotation separation of them has always been the focus of attention in the industry.Based on the semiconducting properties of chalcopyrite and galena,this paper analyzes the oxidation law of mineral surfaces from the electrochemical perspective,the influence of mineralogical factors on flotation behavior,and the mechanism of various organic depressants in the separation process of copper and lead.Different degrees of oxidation will occur for both chalcopyrite and galena during mineral processing,and oxidation species determine the surface properties of the mineral.Fluid inclusions and various types of lattice defects generated during the mineralization process will affect flotation behavior.The research and application of electrochemical regulation and organic depressants can change the inherent flotation behavior of minerals,and achieve flotation separation of chalcopyrite and galena.The analysis suggest that the influence of pulp potential on the flotation behavior of semiconductor minerals should be emphasized.Combining theories of flotation electrochemistry and flotation solution chemistry is an effective method to study complex pulp systems.