困境与抵抗--莫里森《家》中的生命政治表征

Predicament and Resistance:Representation of Bioplitics in Toni Morrison’s Home

托妮•莫里森的小说《家》聚焦20世纪50年代的美国,呈现了黑人个体和群体在战后繁荣时期面临的种种生存困境。小说书写的现代医学为谋求快速发展对黑人生命的征用,以及黑人在社会生活中遭遇的暴力、规训和制度性隔离等细节,蕴含了有关生命政治治理逻辑及其手段的丰富表征。同时,作家对黑人抗争和出路的探究又赋予了小说"反生命政治"的文本表征。莫里森借由《家》打破了长久以来公共叙事对生命政治在上世纪50年代任意宰制黑人生命的缄默,同时也表达了她对美国黑人民权问题的洞察与深入思考。

Home,a novel by Tony Morrison focusing on the United States in the 1950s,depicts the predicaments of black individuals and groups in the postwar boom period.In describing the expropriation of black lives by modern medicine pursuing rapid development,violence,discipline and institutional segregation experienced by black people in the American society,this novel presents the logic and strategies of biopolitical governance.Meanwhile,Morrison’s inquiry into how the black subjects resist and find their ways out also endows the novel with the textual representation of"counter-biopolitics".Through Home,Morrison breaks the long-standing silence of public narrative on the arbitrary domination of black life by biopolitics in the 1950s and expresses her deep insights into the problems of black civil rights in the United States.