费孝通民族研究理论与“合之又合”的中华民族共同性

Cohesion and integrating:The Commonality of Chinese Nation and Fei Xiaotong’s Ethnic Researches

本文立足对中华民族、中华民族共同体、中华民族共同性等概念梳理的基础上,把费孝通的中华民族多元一体格局理论置于中国文明历史进程的大脉络中进行比较分析,进而凸显中华民族共同性的历史和现实意义。文章通过对费孝通民族研究理论的回顾与反思,阐述中华民族共同体形成的内在运行机制和特点及其对新时代民族研究的重要启示。文中强调历史上各民族历经"合之又合"的内在运行机制,是在交往交流交融基础上的内在统一。费孝通的研究超越了传统的单一民族研究的限制,从区域和网络来研究中华民族的多元一体格局,是方法论上的拓展。不同的历史文化区域是在各民族文化交流、经济往来、社会交往的基础上形成的共同区域文化,进而互相汲取人文发展、共同发展的历史经验。通过对费孝通民族研究理论的思考,对于新时代的民族研究和"铸牢中华民族共同体意识"乃至建构"人类命运共同体"都有着重要的理论和实践的意义。

On the basis of the concepts of the Chinese nation,the Chinese national community and the commonality of the Chinese nation,this article makes a comparative analysis of Mr.Fei Xiaotong’ s pattern of diversity in unity of the Chinese nation in the process and historical context of Chinese civilization,highlights the historical and practical significance of the commonality of the Chinese nation.Through reviewing and reflecting on Fei Xiaotong’ s theory of ethnic studies,this article explains the internal mechanism and characteristics of the formation of the Chinese national community and its important inspirations to ethnic studies in the new era.The article emphasizes that the internal operating mechanism of " cohesion and integrating" of all ethnic groups in history is the internal unification based on communication,exchange and integration.To summarize Mr.Fei Xiaotong’ s research,it is beyond the restriction of traditional single ethnic research,and to study pattern of diversity in unity of the Chinese nation from the region and network,is an expansion of the methodology.Different historical and cultural regions have formed a common regional culture on the basis of cultural exchanges,economic exchanges and social intercourse of various ethnic groups before mutual reference to historical experience of human development and common development.The thinking of Mr.Fei XiaotongJ s ethnic study is of great theoretical and practical significance to our ethnic research in the new era today,to " foster a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation" and even to construct a " community of shared future for mankind".