个别清偿撤销例外制度中“使债务人财产受益”的司法认定及法律完善

Judicial Determination and Legal Improvement of “Property Benefit to Debtor” of the Revocation Exception System in Individual Settlement

在企业进入破产程序后,危机时期债务人个别清偿行为的合理性将受到破产撤销制度的严格审查,但部分清偿行为不具有偏颇性,并不违反撤销权制度的目的和价值,因而撤销被豁免。破产法列举了几种除外情形,对破产撤销权的行使起到了一定的限制和规范作用,但简单列举并不能适应经济活动中的复杂情形,“使债务人财产受益”作为排除撤销权适用的兜底条款成为重要援引。一方面,关于该条文的司法裁判标准有待明确,另一方面立法层面也应加以细化和完善。

In the enterprise bankruptcy process,the reasonableness of the debtor's individual settlement will be strictly reviewed by the bankruptcy revocation system.However,part of the liquidation behavior is not biased and does not violate the purpose and value of the revocation system,so the revocation should be exempted.The several exceptions listed in the Bankruptcy Law have played a certain role in restricting and regulating the exercise of bankruptcy revocation rights,but a simple list does not fit the complex situation in economic activities.Therefore,“property benefit to debtor”has become an important reference as a catch-all clause which exclude the application of the right of revocation.Therefore,on the one hand,the standard of judicial judgment on this provision needs to be clarified;on the other hand,the legislative level should also be refined and improved.