吉林省中部粳稻品种高产优质机理研究

Mechanism of High Yield and High Quality of japonica Rice Varieties in Central Jilin Province

为了研究吉林省中部不同水稻品种的产量和品质潜力,明确各品种类型间的产量、品质及形成机理的差异,选取15个吉林省主栽品种,测定其农艺性状、产量、食味值、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质等指标,并进行相关分析。结果表明:株高与穗长之间达到了显著正相关,与产量达到了显著负相关;穗长与每穴有效穗数呈极显著正相关,与产量呈负相关,但是没有达到显著水平;每穴有效穗数与每穗粒数和着粒密度呈极显著和显著负相关;着粒密度与产量呈显著正相关,与蛋白质含量和食味值分别呈显著负相关和极显著正相关;千粒重与蛋白质之间呈极显著正相关,与直链淀粉含量和食味值呈显著负相关。综上所述,适当的降低株高,减小千粒重,提高着粒密度可以稳固产量的同时对品质提升有促进作用。

In order to study the yield and quality potential of different rice varieties in the central part Jilin Province,and to clarify the differences in yield,quality and formation mechanism among different varieties,15 main varieties in Jilin Province were selected,and their agronomic characters,yield,taste value,amylose content,protein and other indicators were measured and analyzed.The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between plant height and spike length,and a significant negative correlation between plant height and yield;there was a significant positive correlation between spike length and number of effective spikes per hole,and a negative correlation between spike length and yield,but it did not reach a significant level;There was a significant and significant negative correlation between effective spikes per hole and number of grains per spike and seed density;there was a significant positive correlation between seed density and yield,and a significant positive correlation between protein content and taste value there was a significant negative correlation and a significant positive correlation respectively;there was a significant positive correlation between 1000 grain weight and protein,and a significant negative correlation with amylose content and taste value.In conclusion,properly reducing plant height,reducing 1000 grain weight and increasing grain density can stabilize yield and promote quality improvement.