天线选型对隧道中电磁波传播的影响

Influence of antenna selection on electromagnetic wave propagation in tunnels

针对天线选型对隧道中电磁波传播的影响,基于几何光学理论的射线追踪法,建立了矩形隧道的射线追踪信道模型,并通过仿真、实验验证分别探究了在900,1500,2100 MHz下天线选型对隧道中电磁波传播的影响。实验结果表明:在隧道内,发射天线为定向天线时,其性能表现比全向天线要好,更适用于隧道环境;而在本文所考察的频段内,随着频率的增高,定向天线与全向天线的表现差异减小。所提研究对实际矩形隧道无线通信系统中,收发天线的选型和发射频率的选取具有参考意义,同时也对其他限定空间(如矿井巷道、地下人行通道、地铁等)的天线选取具有指导意义。

Aiming at the influence of antenna selection on the electromagnetic wave propagation in the tunnels,the ray tracing channel model of rectangular tunnel is established based on the ray tracing method of geometric optics theory.The effects of antenna selection on electromagnetic wave propagation in tunnels at 900,1500 and2100 MHz are investigated by simulation and experimental verification.The comparison results show that when the transmitting antenna is a directional antenna in the tunnel,its performance is better than that of the omnidirectional antenna,which is more suitable for the tunnels in the frequency band examined in this paper.The difference in performance between directional antennas and omnidirectional antennas decreases with the increasing frequency.The research in this paper has reference significance for the selection of the transceiver antennas and the selection of the transmitting frequency in the wireless communication system of the actual rectangular tunnel.It also has guiding significance for the antenna selection of other limited spaces,such as mine roadways,underground pedestrian passages,subways,etc.