阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者黄斑光密度的观察性研究

An observational study of macular optical density in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

目的:观察阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者黄斑光密度(MPOD)的变化情况。方法:收集2019-01/12在重庆市急救医疗中心确诊的OSAHS患者70例作为观察组,同时纳入体检健康者32例作为对照组。两组受检者均采用数字眼底照相检查仪进行MPOD检查,选取右眼数据进行分析。结果:观察组受检者黄斑区平均MPOD值(0.0916±0.0149Log unit)和最大MPOD值(0.2675±0.0419Log unit)均小于对照组(0.1193±0.0159、0.3235±0.0400Log unit,均P<0.001)。本研究观察组纳入OSAHS患者中轻度12例,中度17例,重度41例,不同严重程度OSAHS患者和对照组受检者平均MPOD值、最大MPOD值均有差异(P<0.001),OSAHS病情越严重,患者平均MPOD值和最大MPOD值均越小,且平均MPOD值和最大MPOD值均与呼吸暂停指数(AHI)呈负相关(r=-0.685、-0.492,均P<0.001)。结论:OSAHS患者MPOD值降低,且其降低程度与OSAHS严重程度呈正比,表明OSAHS在出现相应眼科临床症状前,黄斑MPOD已发生改变,随着MPOD的进行性减少,最终可能导致黄斑功能障碍从而导致黄斑病变的发生发展。

AIM:To investigate the change of macular pigment optical density(MPOD)in the patients of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).METHODS:Totally 70 OSAHS patients as observation group and 32 healthy subjects as control group with their right eyes were enrolled from Chongqing Emergency Medical Center during January to December of 2019.All the subjects used Visucam 200 to measure the mean/max MPOD.RESULTS:Both mean/max MPOD(0.0916±0.0149,0.2675±0.0419Log unit)of OSAHS group are significantly lower than the control group(0.1193±0.0159,0.3235±0.0400Log unit,P<0.001).There are significant difference of mean/max MPOD between mild(n=12)/moderate(n=17)/severe(n=41)groups divided by AHI(P<0.001).The increasing severity of OSAHS lead to lower mean/max MPOD.Furthermore there is negative correlation between mean/max MPOD and AHI(r=-0.685,-0.492;P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Our study results suggest that the mean/max MPOD were reduced in the patients of OSAHS.Moreover,the decreased degree of mean/max MPOD is positively related to the severity of OSAHS.It shows that the MPOD of OSAHS have already changed before they feel the significant syndrome.The reducing of MPOD may cause dysfunction of macular and finally rise up to macular disease.