山南市高原人群与合肥市低海拔人群肺功能现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the pulmonary function of the high-elevation population in Shannan and the low-elevation population in Hefei

目的比较海拔3600米西藏自治区山南市藏族居民和海拔40米安徽省合肥市居民的肺功能,探讨不同海拔地区人群肺功能差异。方法将2017年10月至2018年12月在山南市人民医院呼吸内科门诊就诊的120例世居藏族患者作为山南组,将同期在安徽医科大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科门诊就诊的120例汉族居民作为合肥组,比较两组肺功能[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、峰值流速(PEF)]指标。结果山南组中各年龄段亚组FEV1、FVC均高于合肥组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。山南组中各年龄段亚组PEF与合肥组比较,差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论居住海拔约3600米的世居藏族居民的FEV1和FVC水平均高于同年龄段居住于低海拔地区的汉族居民,这与长期生活在高海拔地区的代偿适应能力相关。

Objective To compare the lung function of Tibetan residents of Shannan City, Tibet Autonomous Region, lived at an elevation of 3 600 m above sea level, and Han residents of Hefei City, Anhui Province, lived at an elevation of 40 m above sea level, and to investigate the differences in lung function among peoples lived at different altitudes.Methods A total of 120 Tibetan patients living for generations attending the Outpatient Department of Respiratory Medicine at Shannan People’s Hospital from October 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the Shannan group. And 120 Han residents attending the Outpatient Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University during the same period were selected as the Hefei group. The pulmonary function indexes, including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow(PEF), of the two groups were compared.Results FEV1 and FVC of each age groups in the Shannan group were significantly higher than those in the Hefei group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with Hefei group, PEF had no significant difference in each age groups of Shannan group (P>0.05).Conclusions The FEV1 and FVC levels of the Tibetan residents who lives at an elevation of about 3 600 m above sea level are higher than those of the Han residents who lives at a low elevation in the same age group, which correlates with the compensatory adaptability to living at high elevation for a long time.