单元化思想在供应链系统中的正和博弈

The Positive-sum Game of Unitized Logistics in the Supply Chain System

文章按照单元化思想与供应链管理的逻辑联系,将供应链系统构建的主要层级分为供应链系统中的单元化、物流系统中的单元化、单元化物流与数字技术三个梯度层级。国内外学者对于供应链管理层面以及物流系统优化领域进行了长达百年的研究,过往文献主要是基于闭环供应链、单一物流系统的研究。2020年新冠肺炎疫情之后,国家大力推进新基建、数字经济等新的经济增长点,这也为打通供应链系统、物流系统以及数字技术融合物流技术等研究范畴打开了思路。文章首先对供应链管理中资金流、物流与信息流相互之间联系、单元化技术的应用以及单元化物流系统的概念、构建领域重点进行了分析,其次搜集并整理国内外关于供应链发展演变、集装单元技术、单元器具标准与分类、物流系统流程、数字技术等的相关文献资料,最终分析得出未来供应链系统发展的核心在于数字物流系统的构建,而构建数字物流系统的核心环节则是单元化物流思想,包括物理单元与数据单元,宏观上构建表达为实体物流系统与虚拟物流系统。

According to the logical connection between the idea of unitization and supply chain management,this paper divides the main levels of supply chain system construction into three gradient levels:unitization in supply chain system,unitization in logistics system,unitized logistics and digital technology.Scholars in China and abroad have conducted a hundred years of research in the field of supply chain management and logistics system optimization.The main research directions in the past literature are still based on closed-loop supply chain and single logistics system.However,after the epidemic in 2020,China has vigorously promoted new economic growth points such as new infrastructure and digital economy,which has also initiated ideas for integrating research fields such as supply chain systems,logistics systems,and digital technology integration logistics technologies.Firstly,this paper analyzes the relationship between capital flow,logistics and information flow in supply chain management,the application of cell technology,the concept of cell logistics system,and the key areas of construction.Secondly,the paper collected and sorted out relevant domestic and foreign literature on supply chain development and evolution,container unit technology,unit appliance standard and classification,logistics system process,digital technology,etc.The final analysis shows that the core of the future development of the supply chain system lies in the construction of digital logistics systems,and the core link of the construction of digital logistics systems is the concept of unitized logistics,including physical units and data units,and the macro-structure is expressed as physical logistics systems and virtual logistics system.