论人工智能学习创作的合理使用

On Fair Use of Artificial Intelligence’s Learning to Create

近年来,得益于人工智能技术的快速发展,文学艺术领域涌现出大量具有较高艺术价值的人工智能创作物。以商业为目的,研发人员未经许可而使用其作品来训练人工智能学习创作的行为,能否通过合理使用制度予以豁免引起了争论。一方面,该行为不属于我国《著作权法》所规定的合理使用情形;另一方面,该行为不仅不构成转换性使用,同时也是对较高独创性作品的实质性利用,并对原作品市场可能造成较大冲击。因此,虽然人工智能学习创作技术对于文化产业以及科技创新的发展具有重大意义,但该行为不仅影响原作品的正常使用,也会不当地损害原作者的权益,故不应被认定为合理使用。所以,作品使用人仍然需要根据《著作权法》的相关规定,支付作品的使用报酬。

In recent years,owing to the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,a large number of artificial intelligence creations with high artistic value have emerged in the field of literature and art.It becomes controversial whether a fair use system can exempt researchers,who,without permission,use other people’s works to train AI to learn to create,from legal responsibility.On the one hand,this act does not belong to the fair use cases stipulated in China’s Copyright Law;on the other hand,it does not belong to transformative use,but is the substantial use of works with higher originality,which may cause a greater impact on the market of original works.Therefore,although the activities of learning to create completed by artificial intelligence are of great significance to the development of the cultural industry and technological innovation,the act of using other people’s works for commercial purposes by AI not only conflicts with the normal use of the original works,but also illegally damages the author’s legitimate interests,so it should not be considered as fair use.And accordingly,the user of the works still needs to pay for the use of the works in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Copyright Law.