ICSID投资仲裁中国家请求的适用空间

Applicable Range for State Claim in ICSID Investment Arbitration

回顾ICSID投资仲裁实践,几乎所有投资仲裁案件均由投资者提起,鲜见国家针对投资者提请的仲裁。适用国家请求解决投资争端,是去政治化的和平争端解决方式,符合国际合作的现代国际法精神。国家请求的适用具有《ICSID公约》依据。然而,传统上因双边投资条约(BIT)及仲裁庭对投资者的强保护,主权国家自身因可以行使司法管辖权处理争端,致使国家请求并未常态化适用。基于国际投资法的可持续发展,投资者的同意及对东道国的义务构成国家请求权行使的基础,未来国家请求具有可适用空间。

Among ICSID investment arbitration practice,almost all investment arbitration cases are brought by investors.There are few cases in which the State applies for arbitration against the investors.Applying the State claim to settle investment disputes is a depoliticized and peaceful way to settle international disputes,which conforms to the spirit of international cooperation embodied in modern international law.The application of the State claim is based on the ICSID Convention.However,traditionally,due to the fact that investors are under strong protection by bilateral investment treaties(BITs)and arbitration tribunals and that the State itself can exercise jurisdiction within its sovereignty to deal with disputes,the State claim is not normally applicable.Based on the sustainable development of international investment law,the consent and obligations of investors to the host State constitute the basis for the exercise of the State’s right of claim.The State claim should be considerably applicable in the future ICSID investment arbitration.