北方地区规模化养殖场无组织恶臭污染特征

Pollution characteristic of fugitive malodorous gas of the large scale dairy farm in the northern area

养殖场恶臭污染特征研究是恶臭控制机制的理论基础。本文以呼和浩特市某规模化奶牛养殖场为例,研究北方地区奶牛养殖场无组织恶臭污染特征,结果表明:(1)牧场厂界和周边环境NH3、H2S、臭气等无组织恶臭气体浓度均能满足标准要求,主要污染因子是NH3。(2)泌乳牛舍、氧化塘是奶牛养殖场臭气的主要来源。(3)泌乳牛舍、氧化塘、堆肥场等各污染源以及牧场厂界NH3浓度均不同程度表现出午后14:00—15:00出现高峰。周边敏感点处NH3浓度一天中呈现中午高、早晚低的变化规律。(4)在环境温度为20℃,风速3m·s-1的条件下,养殖场NH3下风向50 m范围内,氨气浓度的下降趋势明显,在50 m之外,氨气浓度基本保持不变。

Pollution characteristics of the malodorous gas were the theoretical basis of their control mechanism in the farms.Pollution characteristics of fugitive malodorous gases were researched,taking one large-scale dairy farm in Huhhot city for example,and the results showed that:(1)The concentration of NH3,H2S and odor on the border of most fugitive emission sources and the concentration in the surrounding environment can be up to the standard,and the main pollution factor was NH3.(2)The secrete milk cow shed and oxidation pond were main source of pollution of the malodorous gas in the farm.(3)The concentration of NH3 on the border of the secrete milk cow shed,oxidation pond,composting site and the whole farm all reached peak from 14:00 to 15:00,and diurnal variation curves of NH3 concentration in the surrounding environment showed that it was higher at noon,and lower in the morning and evening.(4)When the air temperature is 20℃and the wind speed is 3m•s-1,the concentration of NH3 decline sharply within 50m range downwind of the farm,while the concentration of NH3 keep stable beyond 50m range.