近年来专科院校升本的统计分析及其基本规律研究

The Statistical Analysis of the College Entrance Examination in Recent Years

通过对2008—2017年专科院校升本的数据统计发现:在院校类型上,高职院校和高专院校是升本的主流,远高于成人高校和本科院校设置的分校;在办学体制上,公私立专科院校形成了升本的大小年间隔存在的现象,而从总体来看,公办院校要高于民办院校,其中公办高专院校和民办高职院校是升本的主要力量;在区域和省域分布上,中西部高校拥有比东部高校更大的升本机率。纵观十年来的专科升本情况,呈现出倾向明显的对民办高职院校"还债",为老高专院校"清账",向中西部专科院校"扶贫"式升本的基本规律,其中不免存在一些显失公平的"逆淘汰"现象。此后,专科院校的升本理应进入理性层面,需尊重职业教育发展的自然逻辑,减少政策干预,引入充分的竞争机制来实现各类型专科院校在升格问题上的起点公平和一视同仁的局面。

According to the statistics of the upgrading to undergraduate level of colleges and universities in the past 10 years from 2008 to 2017, it is found that: in terms of the types of colleges, higher vocational colleges are upgrading mainstream, far higher than adult colleges and the branches set up by undergraduate colleges;In the school running system, public and private colleges have formed the big year and small year alternately changed, and from the overall point of view, public colleges are higher than private colleges. Among them, public higher vocational colleges and private higher vocational colleges are the main force to upgrade;in terms of regional and provincial distribution, colleges and universities in the central and western regions have a greater chance of upgrading than those in the East. In the past ten years, there is an obvious tendency to "repay debts" to private higher vocational colleges, to "settle accounts" for old colleges and universities, and to "help the poor" for colleges and universities in central and western China. Among them, there are some unfair "reverse elimination" phenomena. Since then, the upgrading of colleges and universities should enter the rational level. It is necessary to respect the natural logic of vocational education development, reduce policy intervention, and introduce sufficient competition mechanism to achieve a fair starting point and equal treatment for all types of colleges and universities.