中草药专用肥用量对黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地薄荷产量及土壤肥力的影响

Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine Special Fertilizer on Mint Yield and Soil Fertility in Saline-alkali Land of the Yellow River Delta

以黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地种植的薄荷为试验材料,分别以不施肥和施化肥为对照,研究了中草药专用肥不同施用量(2T、4T、6T、8T和10T)对薄荷产量及其构成因素和有效成分薄荷油含量的影响,同时分析了其对碱化土壤有效养分含量的影响。结果表明:一定范围内增施中草药专用肥可以显著提升薄荷的株高、全株鲜重,减少落叶率,8T处理效果最显著,其次为6T处理。中高量中草药专用肥处理(4T—10T)显著提高薄荷油含量。施加8T和10T中草药专用肥处理的试验田土壤中有效磷、速效钾、有机质含量与CK相比都有显著提升,土壤pH值显著下降,土壤中全盐量控制在轻度盐化土范围内(≤3.0g/kg)。综合来看,适宜黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地薄荷生产的中草药专用肥用量为9~12kg/m^2。

Mint was used as experimental subjects to research the effect of different gradient of Chinese Herbal Medicine Special Fertilizer(0 T,2 T,4 T,6 T,8 T,10 T)on mint yield and its components,oleum menthae content,and available nutritions in saline-alkali soil.The results showed that application of the special fertilizer with appropriate concentration could significantly increase plant height and fresh weight of total plant of mint,and reduce the rate of fallen leaves;among them,8 T treatment showed the most significant effect,and 6 T treatment was the second.The oleum menthae content was increased significantly under the4 T-10 T treatments.Compared with the 0 T treatment(CK),8 T and 10 T treatments showed significant improvement in soil available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter,and reduction in soil p H value.Under 8 T and 10 T treatment,the total salt content in soil was controlled within the range of light salinization(≤3.0 g/kg).In conclusion,the optimal application rate of Chinese Herbal Medicine Special Fertilizer was9~12 kg/m^2 for mint production in the saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta.