大足石刻观音冠饰设计特征研究

Research on the Design Features of Guanyin’s Crown in Dazu Rock Carvings

宋代的大足石刻是我国石窟艺术的最后一个高峰。大足石刻的造像题材相当丰富,其中尤以观音最为突出,不仅造像数量最多,而且造像种类最全,目前保存较完好者主要集中分布在北山、石门山和妙高山等处。宝冠是观音身份的象征,庄严而华丽,具有佛教象征及世俗装饰意义。大足观音冠饰向着花蔓冠、高冠、幞头、巾帕头盖等特征演变,折射出宋代大足地区乃至巴蜀地区的丰富历史文化、政治经济以及民俗文化的状态。

The Dazu Rock Carvings in the Song Dynasty is the last peak of Grotto art in China.Dazu Rock Carvings have a variety of statues,especially Guanyin,which has the most number of statues and the most complete types.The better preserved Guanyin statues are mainly concentrated in the Beishan Cliffside Carvings,Shimenshan Carvings,and Miaogaoshan Carvings.Having the symbols of Buddhism and significance of secular decoration,the crown is the symbol of Guanyin's identity,which is solemn and magnificent.The Guanyin's crown have evolved towards the characteristics of vine crown,high crown,pu tou,wrapped towel,and towel cap,which reflecting the abundant historical culture,political economy and folk culture of the Dazu area and even the Bashu area in the Song Dynasty.