方相氏的兼容性——装束形象生成来源与其象征体系研究

Fang Xiangshi's Compatibility:A Study on the Origin of Costume Image and Its Symbolic System

目前学界有关方相氏的多层次交叉研究内容逐渐丰富,证明当代学者们对方相氏图像的关注。方相氏在东北亚地域中韩日三国文化中有着共同普遍的“掌蒙熊皮、黄金四目、玄衣朱裳、执戈扬盾”的形象,方相氏的形象并不是简简单单的外表的描述与阐述,包含着重要象征内涵。本文将从“熊”“黄金四目”“玄与朱”“戈与盾”词汇中,探索方相氏图像含蓄的兼容性、互换性以及方相氏在东北亚中的地位。

At present,the multi-level cross-study content of the research on Fang Xiangshi is gradually enriched,which proves that contemporary scholars pay attention to the image of Fang Xiangshi.A common Fangxiangshi image,which is“covered by a bearskin,four golden eyes,wearing black coat and red trousers,holding spear and shield”,is shared in the cultures of China,Korea and Japan in Northeast Asia.This image of Fangxiangshi is not just a simple description of its appearance,it contains important symbolic connotation.In this paper,words and paired words“bear”,“four golden eyes”,“black and red”,“spear and shield”are used to explore the compatibility and interchangeability of Fangxiangshi images,as well as its position and significance in Northeast Asia.