地方政府体育职能向体育总会转移的动因、运行与完善——基于典型个案的分析

Motivation,Operation and Improvement Suggestions of Sports Federation to Undertake the Transfer of Government Functions:Based on Typical Case Analysis

体育总会作为联系、服务、管理体育社团和民办非企业单位的枢纽型社会组织,在国家治理中发挥着重要作用。研究选取SZ、XZ两个市级体育总会承接政府职能的过程为对象,利用个案分析法和深度访谈法发现:体育总会建设枢纽型社会组织过程中,承接了政府职能。转移政府职能源于现有政策和人员等约束,借助体育总会间接实现体育行政部门职能、目标。政府职能转移的动因包含:充实日渐式微的基层体育行政力量;重塑基层体育行政部门的工作灵活性;推进体育社会组织优化治理等功能。政府职能向体育总会转移通过外部合法性约束的规范机制和内部行政性嵌入的引导机制实现。政府职能向体育总会转移存在如下问题:体育总会定位隐性行政化;依托项目的行政工作属性约束;政府职能转移服务于政府目标实现;政府职能转移承接主体的竞争排斥。建议:以精英吸纳改造行政化导向,凸显专业化优势;降低运行中的行政色彩,促进公共性提升;提升效率导向,推动运行的科学化;鼓励组织间充分竞争,构建互补型的组织合作网络。

The Sports Federation(SFs)is an organization that connects,serves,manages sports social associations(SSAs)and private non-enterprise units.This study selected SZ and XZ municipal-level SFs and ZJG and JX county-level SFs as analysis objects.Using the case analysis and in-depth interview,the study found that:the grass-roots SFs sports federations are in the process of moving toward Hub-type social organization,took the role of Transfer of Government Functions(ToGF).ToGF is an act that indirectly realizes the functions and goals of the sports administrative department under the constraints of existing policies and personnel.ToGF plays a role in enriching the declining grassroots sports administrative forces;rebuilding the flexibility of the grassroots sports administration department;Promote the optimization of governance and other functions of grassroots sports social organizations;Promote the clear positioning and professional development of sports federations and sports social organizations.Transfer of Government Functions operates through the normative mechanism of external legality and the guiding mechanism of internal administrative embedding.The problems of ToGF include The orientation of sports federation still has the feature of implicit administration;Relying on the administrative work attribute constraints of the project;The transfer of government functions serves the realization of government objectives;The competitive exclusion of the transfer of government functions.The following suggestions:Employing elites to transform the administrative orientation,highlighting the advantages of specialization;reducing the administrative color in AA,promoting publicity;improving the efficiency orientation in AA,promoting the scientific operation;encouraging full competition among organizations and building complementary Organize a collaborative network.