类型化视野下环境公益诉讼案件范围之纵深拓展

Vertical Expansion of the Scope of Environmental Public Interest Litigation Cases from the Perspective of Classification

"拓展公益诉讼案件范围"是党的十九届四中全会提出的一项重要工作。当前主要的思路和实践多是通过"跑马圈地"的方式,比如将公益诉讼的范围扩大到公共安全、互联网、个人信息、妇女儿童权益保护、公共卫生、文化遗产和国家尊严保护等领域。这种扩大方式固然需要探索,但在既有的领域内"深耕细作"同样需要认真对待。不论是在诉前程序还是诉讼程序,环境公益诉讼在公益诉讼案件中都占有相当高的比重。本文尝试从"环境公益"这一概念出发,对"环境公益"进行类型化处理,将环境公益诉讼案件分为环境类公益诉讼案件、资源类公益诉讼案件和生态类公益诉讼案件,从而实现环境公益诉讼案件范围的纵深拓展。

"Expanding the scope of public interest litigation cases" is an important work proposed by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. At present, the main ideas and practices are mostly through the horizontal expansion method, such as expanding the scope to public safety, the Internet, personal information, protection of women’s and children’s rights, public health, cultural heritage and national dignity protection. Although this method of expansion is important, "deep cultivation" in the existing field also needs to be taken seriously. Whether in pre-litigation proceedings or litigation procedures, environmental public interest litigation cases occupy a relatively high proportion in public interest litigation cases. This article attempts to proceed from the concept of "environmental public interest" and classify the concept into environment-based public interest litigation cases, resource-based interest litigation cases, and ecology-based public interest litigation cases, which could vertically expand the scope of environmental public interest litigation cases.