基于风险源辨识的广东省高校教师体质测评标准构建

Construction of Evaluation Standards for Physical Fitness of College Teachers in Guangdong Province Based on Risk Source Identification

区域经济高速发展与高校深化改革背景下,我国高校教师健康现状堪忧。本研究运用文献资料法、测试法、访谈法以及数理统计法,基于风险源辨识原理对高校教师体质健康现状进行外部风险源识别与量化,结果表明:20-39岁男性高校教师体质健康风险源:心肺适能(肺活量项目、台阶试验项目)、肌力适能(纵跳项目)、肌耐力适能(俯卧撑项目);20-39女性高校教师体质健康风险源:心肺适能(肺活量项目、台阶试验项目)、肌力适能(纵跳项目)、肌耐力适能(1分钟仰卧起坐项目)。40-59岁男性高校教师体质健康风险源:心肺适能(肺活量项目);40-59岁女性高校教师体质健康风险源:心肺适能(台阶试验项目)、肌力适能(握力项目)。基于外部风险源研究结果,分析高校教师群体内部存在性别及年龄交互效应,依据高校教师各测试项目的测试数据常模,经5分制标准化转化后的各体质测试项目评分表,由此构建了高校教师体质测评标准,包含1个男性评分表和1个女性评分表,涉及3个测评指标和6个测试项目:1)心肺适能:肺活量、台阶试验;2)肌力适能:握力、纵跳;3)肌耐力适能:俯卧撑(男)、1分钟仰卧起坐(女)。下一步将结合观察指标对指标体系的调整与优化,结合运动干预实验对评分标准进行实证检验和优化以及完善高校教师职业健康与安全管理体系。本研究构建的高校教师体质测评标准将为高校管理者提供科学化监测与干预的工具,以期为高校教师健康保驾护航,实现我国教育事业的长久发展。

Under the background of the rapid development of regional economy and the deepening reform of colleges and universities,the health status of college teachers in China is not satisfying.This study uses literature data method,testing method,interview method and mathematical statistics method to identify and quantify external risk sources of college teachers’physical health based on the principle of risk source identification.The results show that:20-39 years old male college teachers’physical health risk sources include cardiopulmonary fitness(lung capacity,step test),muscle fitness(vertical jump),and muscle endurance fitness(push-up);20-39 female college teachers'physical health risk sources include cardiopulmonary fitness(lung capacity,step test),muscle fitness(vertical jump),muscle endurance fitness(1 minute sit-up);40-59 year old male college teachers'physical health risk sources include cardiopulmonary fitness(lung capacity);40-59 year old female college teacher's physical health risk sources include cardiopulmonary fitness(step test),and muscle strength(grip strength).Based on the research results of external risk sources,the gender and age interaction effects within the university teachers are analyzed.Based on the test data norms of each test item of university teachers,the score table of each physical test item after standardization and transformation by the 5-point system is constructed.College teachers'physical fitness evaluation standards include a male score table and a female score table,involving 3 evaluation indicators and 6 test items:1)Cardiopulmonary fitness:spirometry and step test;2)Muscle fitness:grip strength and vertical jump;3)Muscle endurance:push-ups(male),1 minute sit-ups(female).The next step is to adjust and optimize the index system in combination with observation indicators,empirically test and optimize the scoring standards in conjunction with sports intervention experiments,and improve the occupational health and safety management system of college teachers.The standards for the assessment of college teachers'physical fitness constructed in this study will provide instructors of colleges with scientific monitoring and intervention tools in order to escort the health of college teachers and realize the long-term development of education.